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conclusion of race

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1 finish

1. transitive verb
1) (bring to an end) beenden [Unterhaltung]; erledigen [Arbeit]; abschließen [Kurs, Ausbildung]

have finished something — etwas fertig haben; mit etwas fertig sein

have you finished the letter/book? — hast du den Brief/das Buch fertig?

finish writing/reading something — etwas zu Ende schreiben/lesen

have you quite finished? — sind Sie fertig?

2) (get through) aufessen [Mahlzeit]; auslesen [Buch, Zeitung]; austrinken [Flasche, Glas]

3) (kill) umbringen; (coll.): (overcome) schaffen (ugs.); (overcome completely) bezwingen [Feind]; (ruin) zugrunde richten

any more stress would finish him — noch mehr Stress würde ihn kaputtmachen (ugs.)

it almost finished me! — das hat mich fast geschafft! (ugs.)

4) (perfect) vervollkommnen; den letzten Schliff geben (+ Dat.)

finish a seam — einen Saum vernähen

5) (complete manufacture of by surface treatment) eine schöne Oberfläche geben (+ Dat.); glätten [Papier, Holz]; appretieren [Gewebe, Leder]

the finished article or product — das fertige Produkt
2. intransitive verb
1) (reach the end) aufhören; [Geschichte, Episode:] enden

when does the concert finish? — wann ist das Konzert aus?

2) (come to end of race) das Ziel erreichen

finish first — als erster durchs Ziel gehen; erster werden

finish badly/well — nicht durchhalten/einen guten Endspurt haben

3)

finish by doing something — zum Schluss etwas tun
3. noun
1) (termination, cause of ruin) Ende, das

it would be the finish of him as a politician — das würde das Ende seiner Karriere als Politiker bedeuten

2) (point at which race etc. ends) Ziel, das

arrive at the finish — das Ziel erreichen; durchs Ziel gehen

3) (what serves to give completeness) letzter Schliff

a finish to something — die Vervollkommnung od. Vollendung einer Sache

4) (mode of finishing) [technische] Ausführung; Finish, das

paintwork with a matt/gloss finish — Matt-/Hochglanzlack, der

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/87043/finish_off">finish off

- finish up

- finish with

* * *
['finiʃ] 1. verb
1) (to bring or come to an end: She's finished her work; The music finished.) (be)enden

2) (to use, eat, drink etc the last of: Have you finished your tea?) aufbrauchen, -essen,austrinken
2. noun
1) (the last touch (of paint, polish etc) that makes the work perfect: The wood has a beautiful finish.) die Vollendung

2) (the last part (of a race etc): It was a close finish.) der Endkampf

•

- finished
- finish off
- finish up
* * *

fin·ish

[ˈfɪnɪʃ]

I. n

1. (conclusion of race) Endspurt m, Finish nt; (point at which race ends) Ziel nt

close \finish Kopf-an-Kopf-Rennen nt

to be in at the \finish in der Endrunde sein

2. (final stage) Ende nt

from start to \finish von Anfang bis Ende

3. STOCKEX Börsenschluss m

4. (result, outcome) Ergebnis nt

close \finish POL knappes Ergebnis

5. (surface) Oberflächenbeschaffenheit f

6. (workmanship) Verarbeitung f

7. (final treatment) letzter Schliff; (sealing, varnishing) Finish nt; of fabric Appretur f; of furniture Politur; of coatings letzte Schicht, Überzug m

8.

▶ a fight to the \finish (hard fought throughout) ein Kampf m bis aufs Messer fam; (decisive result) ein Kampf m bis zur Entscheidung

II. vi

1. (cease, conclude) enden, aufhören

I'm going to \finish with a new song ich werde mit einem neuen Lied schließen

2. (stop talking) zum Ende kommen

to \finish on an optimistic note mit einer optimistischen Anmerkung schließen

have you quite \finished? ( iron) bist du endlich fertig? fam

3. (to come to the end of sth) fertig werden

to \finish first/second als Erster/Zweiter fertig sein; SPORT Erster/Zweiter werden

4. (come to an end) enden, zu Ende gehen

5. (stop using)

▪ to \finish with sth etw nicht mehr brauchen; (end involvement in) mit etw dat fertig sein fam

I'm \finished with politics ich bin mit der Politik fertig fam

6. (conclude dealings with)

▪ to \finish with sb mit jdm fertig sein fam; (conclude love relationship) mit jdm Schluss machen

III. vt

1. (bring to end)

▪ to \finish sth etw beenden

to \finish a sentence einen Satz zu Ende sprechen

▪ to \finish doing sth mit etw dat fertig sein

have you \finished reading? hast du zu Ende gelesen?

to \finish reading a book ein Buch zu Ende lesen [o fertig lesen] [o auslesen]

they \finished the concert with their first hit sie ließen das Konzert mit ihrem ersten Hit ausklingen

2. (complete education)

to \finish college/school das College/die Schule abschließen

3. (bring to completion) etw fertigstellen; (give final treatment) etw dat den letzten Schliff geben

4. (stop)

▪ to \finish sth mit etw dat aufhören

I \finish work at 5 p.m. every day ich mache jeden Tag um 5 Uhr Feierabend

5. FOOD

▪ to \finish sth (eat) etw aufessen; (drink) etw austrinken

* * *
['fInɪʃ]
1. n

1) (= end) Schluss m, Ende nt; (of race) Finish nt; (= finishing line) Ziel nt

they never gave up, right to the finish — sie haben bis zum Schluss nicht aufgegeben

from start to finish — von Anfang bis Ende

he's got a good finish (Sport) — er hat einen starken Endspurt

to be in at the finish (fig) — beim Ende dabei sein

to fight to the finish (fig) — bis zum letzten Augenblick kämpfen

2) (= perfection of manners) Schliff m; (of things) Verarbeitung f, Ausfertigung f

they lack the finish of handmade ones — sie sind nicht so sorgfältig or sauber verarbeitet wie handgemachte

it has a poor finish — die Verarbeitung or Ausfertigung ist schlecht

3) (of industrial products) Finish nt; (= final coat of paint) Deckanstrich m; (of material) Appretur f; (of paper) Oberflächenfinish nt; (of pottery) Oberfläche f; (= ornamental work) Verzierung f

paper with a gloss/matt finish — Hochglanz-/Mattglanzpapier nt

paint with a gloss/matt finish — Farbe f mit Hochglanzeffekt/mattem Glanz

highly polished to give it a good finish — auf Hochglanz poliert

2. vt

1) beenden; education, course abschließen; piece of work, business erledigen, abschließen; (COMPUT: command) fertigstellen

he's finished the painting/job — er ist mit dem Bild/der Arbeit fertig

to have finished doing sth — damit fertig sein, etw zu tun

when I finish eating... —

I've finished ironing — ich bin mit dem Bügeln fertig

to finish writing/reading sth —

let me finish eating — lass mich zu Ende essen, lass mich fertig essen

to have finished sth — etw fertig haben; task, course mit etw fertig sein, etw beendet haben

when do you finish work? — wann machen Sie Feierabend or Schluss?

I'm in a hurry to get this job finished — ich möchte diese Sache so schnell wie möglich zu Ende bringen

she never lets him finish (what he's saying) —

Daddy, will you finish (telling) that story? — Papa, erzählst du die Geschichte zu Ende or fertig?

can I have that book when you've finished it? — kann ich das Buch haben, wenn du es ausgelesen hast?

give me time to finish my drink — lass mich austrinken

finish what you're doing and we'll go — mach fertig, was du angefangen hast, und dann gehen wir

the dollar finished the day up against the pound — bei Börsenschluss war der Dollar gegenüber dem Pfund gestiegen

2) (= ruin) ruinieren; (= kill, inf = exhaust) kaputtmachen (inf), den Rest geben (+dat) (inf)

another strike could finish the firm — noch ein Streik könnte das Ende für die Firma bedeuten

that last mile nearly finished me (inf) — diese letzte Meile hat mir beinahe den Rest gegeben (inf)

3) (= put finishing touches to) den letzten Schliff geben (+dat); piece of handiwork verarbeiten; (= give a surface treatment to) surface, industrial product fertig bearbeiten, ein Finish geben (+dat); (= paint) anstreichen; car etc lackieren

to finish sth with a coat of varnish — etw zum Schluss (mit Firnis) lackieren

the paintwork isn't very well finished — die Malerarbeiten wurden nicht sehr gut ausgeführt

the metal is finished with a high-speed disc —

the paper is finished on the glazing rollers — das Papier wird mit dem Kalander nachbearbeitet

3. vi

1) zu Ende or aus sein; (person with task etc) fertig sein; (= come to an end, finish work) aufhören; (piece of music, story etc) enden

when does the film finish? — wann ist der Film aus?

my course finishes this week — mein Kurs geht diese Woche zu Ende

we'll finish by singing a song — wir wollen mit einem Lied schließen, zum Schluss singen wir ein Lied

I've finished — ich bin fertig

2) (SPORT) das Ziel erreichen

to finish first/second — als erster/zweiter durchs Ziel gehen

* * *

finish [ˈfınıʃ]

A v/t

1. beenden, aufhören mit:

finish reading aufhören zu lesen;

let sb finish speaking jemanden ausreden lassen

2. auch finish off eine Arbeit etc vollenden, beendigen, fertig machen oder fertigstellen, zu Ende führen, erledigen:

finish a book ein Buch auslesen oder fertig lesen oder zu Ende lesen;

have you finished the book? hast du das Buch schon durch?

3. auch finish off ( oder up)

a) Vorräte verbrauchen, erschöpfen,

b) aufessen, austrinken

4. auch finish off

a) jemanden erledigen, fertigmachen (beide umg) (erschöpfen od ruinieren):

that finished him off auch das gab ihm den Rest

b) besonders einem Tier den Gnadenschuss oder -stoß geben

5. a) auch finish off, finish up vervollkommnen, den letzten Schliff geben (dat)

b) jemandem feine Lebensart beibringen

6. TECH nach-, fertig bearbeiten, Papier glätten, Zeug zurichten, appretieren, Möbel etc polieren

B v/i

1. auch finish off ( oder up) enden, schließen, aufhören ( alle:

with mit):

have you finished? bist du fertig?;

he finished by saying abschließend oder zum Abschluss sagte er ( that dass);

let sb finish jemanden ausreden lassen

2. enden:

he finished in prison er landete im Gefängnis

3. enden, zu Ende gehen

4. a) finish with mit jemandem, etwas Schluss machen, etwas aufgeben:

I am finished with him ich bin mit ihm fertig umg;

everything is finished between us zwischen uns ist alles oder es aus

b) have finished with jemanden, etwas nicht mehr brauchen:

have you finished with the dictionary? brauchst du das Wörterbuch noch?

c) I haven’t finished with you yet! ich bin noch nicht fertig mit dir!, wir sprechen uns noch einmal!

5. SPORT einlaufen, durchs Ziel gehen:

finish third

a) auch finish in third place Dritter werden, den dritten Platz belegen

b) allg als Dritter fertig sein

C s

1. Ende n, Schluss m

2. SPORT

a) Endspurt m, Finish n

b) Ziel n

c) Endkampf m, Entscheidung f:

be in at the finish in die Endrunde kommen, fig das Ende miterleben;

fight to the finish bis zur Entscheidung kämpfen

3. Vollendung f, Eleganz f, letzter Schliff, Finish n

4. gute Ausführung, feine Qualität

5. TECH

a) äußerliche Ausführung, Oberflächenbeschaffenheit f, -güte f, Bearbeitung(sgüte) f

b) (Deck)Anstrich m, (Lack- etc) Überzug m

c) Politur f

d) Appretur f (von Stoffen)

6. ARCH

a) Ausbau(en) m(n)

b) Verputz m

fin. abk

1. finance

2. financial

3. finish

* * *
1. transitive verb
1) (bring to an end) beenden [Unterhaltung]; erledigen [Arbeit]; abschließen [Kurs, Ausbildung]

have finished something — etwas fertig haben; mit etwas fertig sein

have you finished the letter/book? — hast du den Brief/das Buch fertig?

finish writing/reading something — etwas zu Ende schreiben/lesen

have you quite finished? — sind Sie fertig?

2) (get through) aufessen [Mahlzeit]; auslesen [Buch, Zeitung]; austrinken [Flasche, Glas]

3) (kill) umbringen; (coll.): (overcome) schaffen (ugs.); (overcome completely) bezwingen [Feind]; (ruin) zugrunde richten

any more stress would finish him — noch mehr Stress würde ihn kaputtmachen (ugs.)

it almost finished me! — das hat mich fast geschafft! (ugs.)

4) (perfect) vervollkommnen; den letzten Schliff geben (+ Dat.)

finish a seam — einen Saum vernähen

5) (complete manufacture of by surface treatment) eine schöne Oberfläche geben (+ Dat.); glätten [Papier, Holz]; appretieren [Gewebe, Leder]

the finished article or product — das fertige Produkt
2. intransitive verb
1) (reach the end) aufhören; [Geschichte, Episode:] enden

when does the concert finish? — wann ist das Konzert aus?

2) (come to end of race) das Ziel erreichen

finish first — als erster durchs Ziel gehen; erster werden

finish badly/well — nicht durchhalten/einen guten Endspurt haben

3)

finish by doing something — zum Schluss etwas tun
3. noun
1) (termination, cause of ruin) Ende, das

it would be the finish of him as a politician — das würde das Ende seiner Karriere als Politiker bedeuten

2) (point at which race etc. ends) Ziel, das

arrive at the finish — das Ziel erreichen; durchs Ziel gehen

3) (what serves to give completeness) letzter Schliff

a finish to something — die Vervollkommnung od. Vollendung einer Sache

4) (mode of finishing) [technische] Ausführung; Finish, das

paintwork with a matt/gloss finish — Matt-/Hochglanzlack, der

Phrasal Verbs:

- finish off

- finish up

- finish with

* * *

n.

Abschluss ¨-e m.

Ende -n n.

Lack -e m. (off) v.

beenden v.

erledigen v.

fertigstellen v.

vollenden v.

zu Ende führen ausdr. v.

absolvieren (Schule) v.

absolvieren v.

beenden v.

beendigen v.

erledigen v.

nacharbeiten v.

vollenden v.

English-german dictionary > finish
2 finish

fin·ish [ʼfɪnɪʃ] n

1) ( conclusion of race) Endspurt m, Finish nt; ( point at which race ends) Ziel nt;

close \finish Kopf-an-Kopf-Rennen nt;

to be in at the \finish in der Endrunde sein

2) ( final stage) Ende nt;

from start to \finish von Anfang bis Ende

3) (result, outcome) Ergebnis nt;

close \finish pol knappes Ergebnis

4) ( surface) Oberflächenbeschaffenheit f

5) ( workmanship) Verarbeitung f

6) ( final treatment) letzter Schliff;

(sealing, varnishing) Finish nt; of fabric Appretur f; of furniture Politur; of coatings letzte Schicht, Überzug m

PHRASES:

a fight to the \finish ( hard fought throughout) ein Kampf m bis aufs Messer ( fam) ( decisive result) ein Kampf m bis zur Entscheidung vi

1) (cease, conclude) enden, aufhören;

I'm going to \finish with a new song ich werde mit einem neuen Lied schließen

2) ( stop talking) zum Ende kommen;

to \finish on an optimistic note mit einer optimistischen Anmerkung schließen;

have you quite \finished? ( iron) bist du endlich fertig? ( fam)

3) ( to come to the end of sth) fertig werden;

to \finish first/ second als Erster/Zweiter fertig sein; sports Erster/Zweiter werden

4) ( come to an end) enden, zu Ende gehen

5) ( stop using)

to \finish with sth etw nicht mehr brauchen;

( end involvement in) mit etw dat fertig sein ( fam)

I'm \finished with politics ich bin mit der Politik fertig ( fam)

6) ( conclude dealings with)

to \finish with sb mit jdm fertig sein ( fam) ( conclude love relationship) mit jdm Schluss machen vt

1) ( bring to end)

to \finish sth etw beenden;

to \finish a sentence einen Satz zu Ende sprechen;

to \finish doing sth mit etw dat fertig sein;

have you \finished reading? hast du zu Ende gelesen?;

to \finish reading a book ein Buch zu Ende lesen [o fertig lesen] [o auslesen];

they \finished the concert with their first hit sie ließen das Konzert mit ihrem ersten Hit ausklingen

2) ( complete education)

to \finish college/ school das College/die Schule abschließen

3) ( bring to completion) etw fertig stellen;

( give final treatment) etw dat den letzten Schliff geben

4) ( stop)

to \finish sth mit etw dat aufhören;

I \finish work at 5 p.m. every day ich mache jeden Tag um 5 Uhr Feierabend

5) food

to \finish sth ( eat) etw aufessen;

( drink) etw austrinken

English-German students dictionary > finish
3 lead

I
1. li:d past tense, past participle - led; verb
1) (to guide or direct or cause to go in a certain direction: Follow my car and I'll lead you to the motorway; She took the child by the hand and led him across the road; He was leading the horse into the stable; The sound of hammering led us to the garage; You led us to believe that we would be paid!) llevar, conducir

2) (to go or carry to a particular place or along a particular course: A small path leads through the woods.) llevar

3) ((with to) to cause or bring about a certain situation or state of affairs: The heavy rain led to serious floods.) ocasionar

4) (to be first (in): An official car led the procession; He is still leading in the competition.) liderar

5) (to live (a certain kind of life): She leads a pleasant existence on a Greek island.) llevar

2. noun
1) (the front place or position: He has taken over the lead in the race.) delantera

2) (the state of being first: We have a lead over the rest of the world in this kind of research.) liderato

3) (the act of leading: We all followed his lead.) liderazgo

4) (the amount by which one is ahead of others: He has a lead of twenty metres (over the man in second place).) ventaja

5) (a leather strap or chain for leading a dog etc: All dogs must be kept on a lead.) correa

6) (a piece of information which will help to solve a mystery etc: The police have several leads concerning the identity of the thief.) pista

7) (a leading part in a play etc: Who plays the lead in that film?) primer papel, papel principal, papel protagonista

•

- leader
- leadership
- lead on
- lead up the garden path
- lead up to
- lead the way
II led noun
1) ((also adjective) (of) an element, a soft, heavy, bluish-grey metal: lead pipes; Are these pipes made of lead or copper?) plomo

2) (the part of a pencil that leaves a mark: The lead of my pencil has broken.) mina

•

- leaden

lead¹ n

1. mina

the lead in pencils is usually made of graphite la mina de los lápices suele ser de grafito

2. plomo

lead is a very heavy metal el plomo es un metal muy pesado

Se pronuncia led

lead² n

1. ventaja

the Russian swimmer has a lead of 8 metres el nadador ruso ya lleva una ventaja de 8 metros

2. delantera

who's in the lead? ¿quién lleva la delantera? / ¿quién va ganando?

3. papel principal

he's got the lead in the play le han dado el papel principal en la obra

4. correa

where's the dog's lead? ¿dónde está la correa del perro?

5. cable eléctrico

this lead isn't long enough este cable no es suficientemente largo

Se pronuncia más o menos lid, con una i larga

lead³ vb

1. llevar / conducir

the guide led us to the ruins el guía nos llevó a las ruinas

where does this path lead? ¿adónde conduce este sendero?

2. dirigir / liderar

I shall lead the expedition yo seré el líder de la expedición

3. ir primero / ganar / llevar la delantera

at the moment Induráin is leading the race por el momento va ganando la carrera Induráin

to lead a... life llevar una vida...

she led a very lonely life llevaba una vida muy solitaria

El pasado y participio pasado de lead es led; se pronuncia más o menos lid, con una i larga

lead

tr[led]

noun

1 (metal) plomo

2 (in pencil) mina

3 slang (bullets) plomo

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to swing the lead familiar hacer el vago

lead poisoning saturnismo

————————

lead

tr[liːd]

transitive verb (pt & pp lead tr[led])

1 (guide) llevar, conducir

■ our tour guide led the way to the cathedral la guía nos llevó a la catedral

2 (be leader of) liderar, dirigir

3 (be first in) ocupar el primer puesto en

4 (influence) llevar

■ he is easily led se deja llevar fácilmente

5 (life) llevar

■ I lead a very busy life llevo una vida muy ajetreada

6 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL (orchestra) ser el primer violín de

7 (us mus) dirigir

8 (cards) salir con

intransitive verb

1 (road) conducir, llevar (to, a)

■ this path leads to the beach este sendero lleva a la playa

■ this could lead to the president's resignation esto podría llevar a la dimisión del presidente

2 (command) tener el mando

3 (go first) ir primero,-a; (in race) llevar la delantera

4 (cards) salir

noun

1 (front position) delantera

2 SMALLSPORT/SMALL liderato (difference) ventaja

3 SMALLTHEATRE/SMALL primer papel nombre masculino

4 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL (for dog) correa

5 SMALLELECTRICITY/SMALL cable nombre masculino

6 (clue) pista

7 (cards) mano nombre femenino

■ it's my lead es mi turno

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to be in the lead ir en cabeza

to follow somebody's lead seguir el ejemplo de alguien

to lead a dog's life llevar una vida de perros

to lead somebody to believe something llevar a alguien a creer algo

to lead the way enseñar el camino

to take the lead (in race) tomar la delantera 2 (in score) adelantarse en el marcador

lead time tiempo de planificación y producción

lead ['li:d] vt, led ['lɛd] ; leading

1) guide: conducir, llevar, guiar

2) direct: dirigir

3) head: encabezar, ir al frente de

4)

to lead to : resultar en, llevar a

it only leads to trouble: sólo resulta en problemas

lead n

: delantera f, primer lugar m

to take the lead: tomar la delantera

lead ['lɛd] n

1) : plomo m (metal)

2) : mina f (de lápiz)

3)

lead poisoning : saturnismo m

lead (UK)

n.

• cable (Electricidad) s.m. (Typography)

n.

• regleta s.f.

adj.

• de plomo adj.

n.

• avance s.m.

• delantera s.f.

• liderato s.m.

• mando s.m.

• plomo (Química) s.m.

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: led) = acaudillar v.

• adiestrar v.

• aportar v.

• capitanear v.

• carear v.

• comandar v.

• conducir v.

• dirigir v.

• encabezar v.

• gobernar v.

• guiar v.

• mandar v.

v.

• emplomar v.

I
1) noun

Sense I

2) led

u ( metal) plomo m

as heavy as lead: my feet felt as heavy as lead los pies me pesaban como (un) plomo; (before n) lead crystal cristal m ( que contiene óxido de plomo y es muy preciado); lead poisoning — intoxicación f por plomo; ( chronic disease) saturnismo m

3) c u ( in pencil) mina f; (before n)

lead pencil — lápiz m (de mina)

Sense II

4) liːd

( in competition) (no pl)

to be in/hold the lead — llevar/conservar la delantera

to move into the lead, to take the lead — tomar la delantera

she has a lead of 20 meters/points over her nearest rival — le lleva 20 metros/puntos de ventaja a su rival más cercano

5) (example, leadership) (no pl) ejemplo m

to give a lead — dar* (el) ejemplo

to follow o take somebody's lead — seguir* el ejemplo de alguien

to take the lead in doing something — tomar la iniciativa en hacer algo

6) c ( clue) pista f

7) c

a) ( for dog) (BrE) correa f, traílla f

dogs must be kept on a lead at all times — prohibido dejar a los perros sueltos

b) ( Elec) cable m

8) c

a) ( main role) papel m principal

the male/female lead — ( role) el papel principal masculino/femenino; ( person) el primer actor/la primera actriz

b) ( Mus) solista mf

to sing/play (the) lead — ser* la voz/el músico solista; (before n) <guitar, singer> principal

9) c ( cards) (no pl)

it was her lead — salía ella, ella era mano

II
1. liːd
(past & past p led) transitive verb

1)

a) (guide, conduct) \<\<person/animal\>\> llevar, guiar*

to lead somebody TO something/somebody — conducir* or llevar a alguien a algo/ante alguien

they were led to safety by firemen — los bomberos los pusieron a salvo

to lead somebody away/off — llevarse a alguien

lead the way! — ve tú delante or (esp AmL) adelante!

b) (to a particular state, course of action)

to lead somebody into temptation — hacer* caer a alguien en la tentación

to lead somebody TO something/+ INF: this led me to the conclusion that... esto me hizo llegar a la conclusión de que...; what led you to resign? ¿qué te llevó a dimitir?; I was led to believe that... — me dieron a entender que...

c) ( influence)

he's easily led — se deja llevar fácilmente

2) (head, have charge of) \<\<discussion\>\> conducir*; \<\<orchestra\>\> ( conduct) (AmE) dirigir*; ( play first violin in) (BrE) ser* el primer violín de

the expedition was led by Smith — la expedición iba al mando de Smith

3)

a) ( be at front of) \<\<parade/attack\>\> encabezar*, ir* al frente de

b) (in race, competition) \<\<opponent\>\> aventajar

they led the opposing team by ten points — aventajaban al equipo contrario por diez puntos, le llevaban diez puntos de ventaja al equipo contrario

to lead the field — ( Sport) ir* en cabeza or a la cabeza, llevar la delantera

they lead the world in this kind of technology — son los líderes mundiales en este tipo de tecnología

4) \<\<life\>\> llevar

5) ( play) \<\<trumps/hearts\>\> salir* con

2.

vi

1)

to lead TO something — \<\<road/path/steps\>\> llevar or conducir* or dar* a algo; \<\<door\>\> dar* a algo

this discussion isn't leading anywhere — esta discusión no conduce a nada

six streets lead off the square — de la plaza salen seis calles

2)

a) (be, act as leader)

you lead, we'll follow — ve delante or (esp AmL) adelante, que te seguimos

b) (in race, competition) \<\<competitor\>\> ir* a la cabeza, puntear (AmL)

they are leading by three goals — van ganando por tres goles

3)

a) ( Journ)

`The Times' leads with the budget deficit — `The Times' dedica su artículo de fondo al déficit presupuestario

b) ( in cards) salir*, ser* mano

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- lead on

- lead to

- lead up to

I [led]
1.

N (=metal) plomo m ; (in pencil) mina f ; (Naut) sonda f, escandallo m

my limbs felt like lead or as heavy as lead — los brazos y las piernas me pesaban como plomo

they filled him full of lead * — lo acribillaron a balazos

- swing the lead

2.

CPD de plomo

lead acetate N — acetato m de plomo

lead crystal N — cristal m (que contiene óxido de plomo)

lead oxide N — óxido m de plomo

lead paint N — pintura f a base de plomo

lead pencil N — lápiz m

lead pipe N — tubería f de plomo

lead poisoning N — saturnismo m, plumbismo m, intoxicación f por el plomo

lead replacement petrol N — (gasolina f) súper f aditiva, (gasolina f) súper f con aditivos

lead shot N — perdigonada f

lead weight N — peso m plomo

II [liːd] (vb: pt, pp led)
1. N

1) (=leading position) (Sport) delantera f, cabeza f ; (=distance, time, points ahead) ventaja f

• to be in the lead — (gen) ir a la or en cabeza, ir primero; (Sport) llevar la delantera; (in league) ocupar el primer puesto

• to have two minutes' lead over sb — llevar a algn una ventaja de dos minutos

to have a lead of half a length — tener medio cuerpo de ventaja

• to take the lead — (Sport) tomar la delantera; (=take the initiative) tomar la iniciativa

2) (=example) ejemplo m

• to follow sb's lead — seguir el ejemplo de algn

• to give sb a lead — guiar a algn, dar el ejemplo a algn, mostrar el camino a algn

3) (=clue) pista f, indicación f

the police have a lead — la policía tiene una pista

• to follow up a lead — seguir or investigar una pista

4) (Theat) papel m principal; (in opera) voz f cantante; (=person) primer actor m, primera actriz f

• to play the lead — tener el papel principal

• to sing the lead — llevar la voz cantante

• with Greta Garbo in the lead — con Greta Garbo en el primer papel

5) (=leash) cuerda f, traílla f, correa f (LAm)

• dogs must be kept on a lead — los perros deben llevarse con traílla

6) (Elec) cable m

7) (Cards)

whose lead is it? — ¿quién sale?, ¿quién es mano?

it's my lead — soy mano, salgo yo

it's your lead — tú eres mano, sales tú

• if the lead is in hearts — si la salida es a corazones

8) (Press) primer párrafo m, entrada f

2. VT

1) (=conduct) llevar, conducir

• to lead sb to a table — conducir a algn a una mesa

kindly lead me to him — haga el favor de conducirme a su presencia or de llevarme donde está

they led him into the king's presence — lo condujeron ante el rey

what led you to Venice? — ¿qué te llevó a Venecia?, ¿con qué motivo fuiste a Venecia?

this road leads you back to Jaca — por este camino se vuelve a Jaca

this leads me to an important point — esto me lleva a un punto importante

• this discussion is leading us nowhere — esta discusión no nos lleva a ninguna parte

• to lead the way — (lit) ir primero; (fig) mostrar el camino, dar el ejemplo

2) (=be the leader of) [+ government] dirigir, encabezar; [+ party] encabezar, ser jefe de; [+ expedition, regiment] mandar; [+ discussion] conducir; [+ team] capitanear; [+ league] ir a la or en cabeza de, encabezar, ocupar el primer puesto en; [+ procession] ir a la or en cabeza de, encabezar; [+ orchestra] (Brit) ser el primer violín en; (US) dirigir

3) (=be first in)

• to lead the field — (Sport) ir a la cabeza, llevar la delantera

they lead the field in this area of research — son los líderes en este campo de la investigación

• Britain led the world in textiles — Inglaterra era el líder mundial en la industria textil

4) (=be in front of) [+ opponent] aventajar

• Roberts leads Brown by four games to one — Roberts le aventaja a Brown por cuatro juegos a uno

they led us by 30 seconds — nos llevaban una ventaja de 30 segundos

5) [+ life, existence] llevar

• to lead a busy life — llevar una vida muy ajetreada

to lead a full life — llevar or tener una vida muy activa, llevar or tener una vida llena de actividades

to lead sb a miserable life — amargar la vida a algn
dance 1., 1), life 1., 3)
6) (=influence)

to lead sb to do sth — llevar or inducir or mover a algn a hacer algo

• we were led to believe that... — nos hicieron creer que...

• what led you to this conclusion? — ¿qué te hizo llegar a esta conclusión?

• he is easily led — es muy sugestionable

• to lead sb into error — inducir a algn a error

3. VI

1) (=go in front) ir primero

2) (in match, race) llevar la delantera

he is leading by an hour/ten metres — lleva una hora/diez metros de ventaja

3) (Cards) ser mano, salir

you lead — sales tú, tú eres mano

she led with the three of clubs — salió con el tres de tréboles

4) (=be in control) estar al mando

we need someone who knows how to lead — necesitamos una persona que sepa estar al mando or que tenga dotes de mando

5)

• to lead to — [street, corridor] conducir a; [door] dar a

this street leads to the station — esta calle conduce a la estación, por esta calle se va a la estación

this street leads to the main square — esta calle sale a or desemboca en la plaza principal

this road leads back to Burgos — por este camino se vuelve a Burgos

6) (=result in)

• to lead to — llevar a

it led to his arrest — llevó a su detención

all my enquiries led nowhere — mis indagaciones no llevaron a nada

it led to war — condujo a la guerra

it led to a change — produjo un cambio

one thing led to another... — una cosa nos/los etc llevó a otra...

it all leads back to the butler — todo nos lleva de nuevo al mayordomo (como sospechoso)

4.

CPD

lead singer N — cantante mf

lead story N — reportaje m principal

lead time N — plazo m de entrega

- lead along

- lead away

- lead in

- lead off

- lead on

- lead out

- lead up to

* * *

I
1) noun

Sense I

2) [led]

u ( metal) plomo m

as heavy as lead: my feet felt as heavy as lead los pies me pesaban como (un) plomo; (before n) lead crystal cristal m ( que contiene óxido de plomo y es muy preciado); lead poisoning — intoxicación f por plomo; ( chronic disease) saturnismo m

3) c u ( in pencil) mina f; (before n)

lead pencil — lápiz m (de mina)

Sense II

4) [liːd]

( in competition) (no pl)

to be in/hold the lead — llevar/conservar la delantera

to move into the lead, to take the lead — tomar la delantera

she has a lead of 20 meters/points over her nearest rival — le lleva 20 metros/puntos de ventaja a su rival más cercano

5) (example, leadership) (no pl) ejemplo m

to give a lead — dar* (el) ejemplo

to follow o take somebody's lead — seguir* el ejemplo de alguien

to take the lead in doing something — tomar la iniciativa en hacer algo

6) c ( clue) pista f

7) c

a) ( for dog) (BrE) correa f, traílla f

dogs must be kept on a lead at all times — prohibido dejar a los perros sueltos

b) ( Elec) cable m

8) c

a) ( main role) papel m principal

the male/female lead — ( role) el papel principal masculino/femenino; ( person) el primer actor/la primera actriz

b) ( Mus) solista mf

to sing/play (the) lead — ser* la voz/el músico solista; (before n) <guitar, singer> principal

9) c ( cards) (no pl)

it was her lead — salía ella, ella era mano

II
1. [liːd]
(past & past p led) transitive verb

1)

a) (guide, conduct) \<\<person/animal\>\> llevar, guiar*

to lead somebody TO something/somebody — conducir* or llevar a alguien a algo/ante alguien

they were led to safety by firemen — los bomberos los pusieron a salvo

to lead somebody away/off — llevarse a alguien

lead the way! — ve tú delante or (esp AmL) adelante!

b) (to a particular state, course of action)

to lead somebody into temptation — hacer* caer a alguien en la tentación

to lead somebody TO something/+ INF: this led me to the conclusion that... esto me hizo llegar a la conclusión de que...; what led you to resign? ¿qué te llevó a dimitir?; I was led to believe that... — me dieron a entender que...

c) ( influence)

he's easily led — se deja llevar fácilmente

2) (head, have charge of) \<\<discussion\>\> conducir*; \<\<orchestra\>\> ( conduct) (AmE) dirigir*; ( play first violin in) (BrE) ser* el primer violín de

the expedition was led by Smith — la expedición iba al mando de Smith

3)

a) ( be at front of) \<\<parade/attack\>\> encabezar*, ir* al frente de

b) (in race, competition) \<\<opponent\>\> aventajar

they led the opposing team by ten points — aventajaban al equipo contrario por diez puntos, le llevaban diez puntos de ventaja al equipo contrario

to lead the field — ( Sport) ir* en cabeza or a la cabeza, llevar la delantera

they lead the world in this kind of technology — son los líderes mundiales en este tipo de tecnología

4) \<\<life\>\> llevar

5) ( play) \<\<trumps/hearts\>\> salir* con

2.

vi

1)

to lead TO something — \<\<road/path/steps\>\> llevar or conducir* or dar* a algo; \<\<door\>\> dar* a algo

this discussion isn't leading anywhere — esta discusión no conduce a nada

six streets lead off the square — de la plaza salen seis calles

2)

a) (be, act as leader)

you lead, we'll follow — ve delante or (esp AmL) adelante, que te seguimos

b) (in race, competition) \<\<competitor\>\> ir* a la cabeza, puntear (AmL)

they are leading by three goals — van ganando por tres goles

3)

a) ( Journ)

`The Times' leads with the budget deficit — `The Times' dedica su artículo de fondo al déficit presupuestario

b) ( in cards) salir*, ser* mano

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- lead on

- lead to

- lead up to

English-spanish dictionary > lead
4 draw

I [drɔː]
nome

1) (raffle) sorteggio m., estrazione f. (di lotteria)

2) (tie) (in match) pareggio m., pari m.

it was a draw — (in match) hanno pareggiato; (in race) sono arrivati ex aequo o a pari merito

3) (attraction) attrazione f.

••

to be quick, slow on the draw — colloq. (in understanding) essere pronto, lento a capire; (in replying) avere, non avere la battuta pronta; [ cowboy] essere veloce, lento nell'estrarre (l'arma)
II 1. [drɔː]
verbo transitivo (pass. drew; p.pass. drawn)

1) fare, disegnare [picture, plan]; disegnare [person, object]; tracciare [ line]

2) fig. rappresentare, tratteggiare [character, picture]; tracciare [ comparison]

3) (pull) [animal, engine] tirare, trainare [cart, plough]; tirare [ rope]; [machine, suction] aspirare [liquid, gas]

he drew the child towards him — tirò a sé il bambino

to draw the curtains — tirare le tende

he drew his finger along the shelf — passò un dito lungo lo scaffale

to draw a handkerchief across one's forehead — passarsi un fazzoletto sulla fronte

to draw a pint of beer — spillare una pinta di birra

to draw blood — cavare sangue

4) (derive) trarre, tirare [ conclusion] ( from da); trarre [ inspiration] ( from da)

he drew hope from this — ciò gli ha dato speranza

to be drawn from — [energy, information] essere ricavato o ottenuto da

5) (cause to talk) fare parlare [ person] (about, on di)

to draw sth. from o out of sb. — ottenere da qcn., carpire a qcn. [ information]; strappare a qcn. [truth, smile]

6) (attract) attirare [crowd, person] (to verso); suscitare [reaction, interest]

his speech drew great applause — il suo discorso ricevette molti applausi

to draw sb.'s attention to sth. — attirare o richiamare l'attenzione di qcn. su qcs.

to draw sb. into — coinvolgere qcn. in [conversation, argument]; attirare qcn. in [ battle]

they were drawn together by their love of animals — li avvicinò il comune amore per gli animali

to draw the enemy fire — offrire un bersaglio al fuoco nemico

7) econ. (take out) prelevare [ money] ( from da); emettere [ cheque] (on su); (receive) ritirare, ricevere [wages, pension]

8) gioc. (choose at random) tirare a sorte, estrarre [ticket, winner]

Italy has been drawn against Spain o to play Spain — l'Italia è stata sorteggiata per giocare contro la Spagna

9) sport

to draw a match — pareggiare, terminare l'incontro con un pareggio

10) (remove, pull out) togliere, estrarre [tooth, thorn] ( from da); togliere [ cork] ( from a); estrarre, sguainare [ sword]; estrarre [knife, gun]; prendere, estrarre [ card]

11) (disembowel) eviscerare [ chicken]
2.
verbo intransitivo (pass. drew; p.pass. drawn)

1) (make picture) disegnare

2) (move)

to draw ahead (of sth., sb.) — superare (qcs., qcn.)

to draw alongside — [ boat] accostare

the car drew alongside the lorry — l'automobile si accostò al camion

to draw close o near [ time] avvicinarsi; they drew nearer to listen si avvicinarono per ascoltare; to draw into [ bus] arrivare in [ station]; [ train] entrare in [ station]; to draw level pareggiare, raggiungere (gli altri); to draw over [ vehicle] accostare; the lorry drew over to the right-hand side of the road il camion accostò a destra; to draw to one side [ person] scostarsi; to draw round o around [ people] avvicinarsi; to draw to a halt fermarsi; to draw to a close o an end — [day, event] avvicinarsi alla fine, volgere al termine

3) sport (in match) [ teams] pareggiare; (in race) [ runners] arrivare ex aequo; (finish with same points) terminare ex aequo, con gli stessi punti, a pari merito

4) (choose at random)

to draw for sth. — tirare, estrarre a sorte qcs

5) [chimney, pipe] tirare

6) [ tea] essere, stare in infusione

•

- draw apart

- draw aside

- draw away

- draw back

- draw down

- draw in

- draw off

- draw on

- draw out

- draw up

••

to draw the line — porre un limite

to draw the line at doing — rifiutarsi di fare

* * *
[dro:] 1. past tense - drew; verb
1) (to make a picture or pictures (of), usually with a pencil, crayons etc: During his stay in hospital he drew a great deal; Shall I draw a cow?) disegnare

2) (to pull along, out or towards oneself: She drew the child towards her; He drew a gun suddenly and fired; All water had to be drawn from a well; The cart was drawn by a pony.) tirare, trainare; estrarre

3) (to move (towards or away from someone or something): The car drew away from the kerb; Christmas is drawing closer.) allontanarsi; avvicinarsi

4) (to play (a game) in which neither side wins: The match was drawn / We drew at 1-1.) pareggiare

5) (to obtain (money) from a fund, bank etc: to draw a pension / an allowance.) ritirare, prelevare

6) (to open or close (curtains).) tirare

7) (to attract: She was trying to draw my attention to something.) attirare
2. noun
1) (a drawn game: The match ended in a draw.) pareggio

2) (an attraction: The acrobats' act should be a real draw.) attrazione

3) (the selecting of winning tickets in a raffle, lottery etc: a prize draw.) estrazione

4) (an act of drawing, especially a gun: He's quick on the draw.) (l'estrarre la pistola)

•

- drawing
- drawn
- drawback
- drawbridge
- drawing-pin
- drawstring
- draw a blank
- draw a conclusion from
- draw in
- draw the line
- draw/cast lots
- draw off
- draw on1
- draw on2
- draw out
- draw up
- long drawn out
* * *
draw /drɔ:/
n.

1 ( sport) pareggio, patta: The match ended in a draw, la partita è finita con un pareggio; an away draw, un pareggio fuori casa (o in trasferta); a goalless draw, un pareggio zero a zero

2 estrazione, sorteggio ( anche sport); ( anche) numeri estratti, lettere estratte: a prize draw, un'estrazione di premi; The draw for the raffle will take place at the end of the evening, l'estrazione dei premi della lotteria avrà luogo al termine della serata; the draw for the first round of the Champions League, il sorteggio per il primo turno della Champions League

3 attrazione, richiamo: Her name on a film poster was a great draw, il suo nome sulla locandina di un film era un potente richiamo

4 boccata, tirata ( di sigaretta, ecc.)

5 strattone; tirata

6 (ind. costr.) ala di ponte levatoio

7 (metall.) cricca di ritiro

8 (fig. USA) vantaggio

9 ( slang ingl.) marijuana, erba (pop.): to smoke draw, fumare l'erba; to be high on draw, essere fatto di marijuana

10 ( USA) burroncello; valletta

● (metall.) draw-bench, trafilatrice; banco di trafilatura □ (metall.) draw piece, pezzo trafilato; profilato □ (metall.) draw-plate, trafila □ (tecn.) draw-point, punta per tracciare □ draw poker, poker in cui si prendono carte ( dopo la prima distribuzione) □ to be quick on the draw, essere rapido nell'estrarre la pistola; (fig.) essere pronto a replicare (o a rimbeccare); avere la risposta pronta □ draw table (o draw-top table), tavolo allungabile □ That's the luck of the draw!, così ha voluto la sorte!; la fortuna è cieca!
♦ (to) draw /drɔ:/
(pass. drew, p. p. drawn)

A v. t.

1 tracciare, disegnare: to draw a line, tracciare una riga; He drew a line through her name [under the title], ha tracciato una riga sul suo nome [sotto il titolo]; to draw a circle, disegnare un cerchio; to draw a picture, disegnare un quadro; (fig.) descrivere una scena; I'll draw you a map, ti disegno una piantina

2 tirare: to draw the curtains, tirare le tende ( per aprirle o per chiuderle); to draw the blinds, tirare ( su o giù) le tendine; The oxen draw the plough, i buoi tirano l'aratro; to draw a bow, tendere un arco; to draw a breath, tirare un respiro; He drew a deep breath, ha tirato un profondo respiro

3 (seguito da una prep. o da un avv., quali across, close, aside, ecc.) passare, avvicinare, scostare, ecc.: She drew a hand across her eyes, si è passata una mano sugli occhi; He drew his chair closer to the table, ha avvicinato la sedia al tavolo; She drew the curtains aside, ha scostato le tende; He drew her aside and asked her a few questions, l'ha presa da parte e le ha fatto alcune domande

4 estrarre, cavare: to draw a tooth, cavare (o estrarre) un dente; to draw a weapon, estrarre un'arma; to draw a sword, estrarre (o sguainare) una spada; to draw nails from a board, estrarre chiodi da un'asse; to draw water from a well, attingere acqua da un pozzo; He put his hand in his pocket and drew out a wallet, si è messo la mano in tasca e ha tirato fuori un portafoglio

5 attirare; attrarre: to draw sb. 's eye, attirare lo sguardo di q.; The event drew large crowds, l'evento ha attirato una gran folla; to draw sb.'s attention [gaze o eye], attirare l'attenzione [lo sguardo] di q.; to draw tears [applause], strappare le lacrime [gli applausi]

6 ottenere; ricevere; trarre: to draw a refusal [a response], ottenere un rifiuto [una reazione]; to draw praise [criticism], ricevere (o attirare) lodi [critiche]; The band drew whistles from the crowd, il gruppo ha ricevuto fischi dalla folla; He draws his evidence from a number of sources, trae le sue prove da numerose fonti; Walter Scott drew his inspiration from history, Walter Scott traeva ispirazione dalla storia; to draw a conclusion [a moral], trarre una conclusione [una morale]; We drew a great deal of encouragement from the preliminary results, abbiamo ricevuto molto incoraggiamento dai risultati preliminari; to draw a pension [a salary, a benefit], percepire (o prendere) una pensione [uno stipendio, un sussidio]; ( USA) to draw disability, prendere la pensione di invalidità

7 stabilire; tracciare: to draw a comparison [a parallel, an analogy] with st., tracciare un confronto [un parallelo, un'analogia] con qc.

8 (fig.: seguito da un avv., quale together, closer ecc.) avvicinare: The tragedy drew them together, la tragedia li ha avvicinati; The incident drew them even closer, l'incidente li ha ulteriormente avvicinati

9 (di solito al passivo) selezionare, ricevere (q.): Our students are drawn from all corners of the globe, riceviamo studenti da ogni angolo del mondo; They draw their recruits from the most disaffected groups in society, trovano nuovi adepti nei gruppi più scontenti della società

10 ( banca, = to draw out) prelevare ( denaro): to draw money from a bank, prelevare denaro in banca; I drew out £50 yesterday, ho prelevato ieri 50 sterline

11 (comm.) emettere; spiccare ( una tratta): to draw a cheque, emettere (fam.: staccare) un assegno; to draw a bill of exchange, spiccare una tratta (o una cambiale)

12 (di solito al passivo) indurre a parlare: They bombarded her with questions, but she refused to be drawn, l'hanno bombardata di domande, ma non si è lasciata indurre a parlare; to draw sb. on st., indurre q. a parlare di qc.; He tried to draw his opponent on the subject of tax cuts, ha cercato di indurre il suo avversario a parlare dei tagli fiscali

13 (metall.) rinvenire

14 (mecc.) imbutire; ( anche) trafilare ( un metallo): to draw gold [silver], trafilare l'oro [l'argento]

15 (chim.) estrarre

16 (med.) eliminare: to draw poison from a wound, eliminare il veleno da una ferita

17 pescare ( una carta da gioco, un biglietto della lotteria, ecc.): to draw a card from the pack, pescare una carta dal mazzo; ( poker) to draw cards, prendere carte: The mayor was asked to draw the winning ticket, hanno chiesto al sindaco di pescare il biglietto vincente

18 ( sport) pareggiare, chiudere con un pareggio: ( un incontro, una partita): to draw a game [a match], chiudere una partita con un pareggio; In the end they drew the match 2 all, alla fine, hanno pareggiato due a due

19 ( sport: di solito al passivo) sorteggiare: England were drawn in group three, l'Inghilterra è stata sorteggiata nel gruppo 3; He was drawn against Roddick, è stato sorteggiato contro Roddick

20 (stor.) sbudellare ( un condannato da vivo): He was hanged, drawn and quartered, fu impiccato; sbudellato e squartato

21 ( cucina) pulire, sventrare ( un pollo, ecc.)

22 ( nella caccia) battere ( un terreno) per fare alzare la selvaggina

23 ( nella caccia) stanare

24 spillare ( un liquido): to draw beer from a barrel, spillare birra da un barile

25 (ind. min.) estrarre, portare a giorno ( minerali, ecc.)

26 (ind. min.) disarmare ( una galleria)

27 (ind. tess.) stirare

28 (naut.: di un'imbarcazione) pescare: The boat draws two feet of water, la barca pesca due piedi

29 ( boxe) attirare ( l'avversario)

B v. i.

1 disegnare: I can't draw, non so disegnare; Jim is very good at drawing, Jim è molto bravo a disegnare

2 ( sport) fare un pareggio, pareggiare: The two teams drew, le due squadre hanno pareggiato

3 (seguito da una prep. o da un avv., quali to, near, away from ecc.) muoversi verso, avvicinarsi a, allontanarsi da, ecc.: The speaker was drawing towards a conclusion, l'oratore si avviava alla conclusione; The holidays are drawing near, le vacanze si avvicinano; As we drew nearer, I could see that the building was badly damaged, man mano che ci avvicinavamo, ho potuto notare che l'edificio era seriamente danneggiato; They drew aside to let him pass, si sono scostati per lasciarlo passare; They drew apart as she entered the room, si sono allontanati l'uno dall'altra quando è entrata nella stanza; As the years went by, they were drawing even further apart, con il passare degli anni, si sono allontanati sempre di più l'uno dall'altra; At last we drew level with them, alla fine li abbiamo raggiunti; A car drew alongside, un'auto si è accostata; He drew ahead of the other runners [of his competitors], ha superato gli altri corridori [i suoi concorrenti]

4 (comm.) trarre (o spiccare) una tratta; emettere un assegno ( su una banca)

5 estrarre (o tirare) a sorte: to draw for who will go first, tirare a sorte per decidere chi sarà il primo

6 sguainare la spada

7 estrarre la pistola

8 ( di un camino, ecc.) tirare; ( del fuoco) prendere: This flue doesn't draw well, questa canna (fumaria) non tira bene

9 ( del tè) essere in infusione

10 ( nella caccia) battere il terreno ( per fare alzare la selvaggina)

● (antiq.) to draw a bath, far scorrere l'acqua per il bagno; riempire la vasca □ (fig.) to draw a blank, far fiasco; restare con un pugno di mosche; ( USA) avere un vuoto di memoria □ to draw blood, far sanguinare; (fig.) dar del filo da torcere: The dog bit her, but didn't draw blood, il cane l'ha morsa, ma non l'ha fatta sanguinare; The opposition has yet to draw blood on this issue, l'opposizione deve ancora dare del filo da torcere su questa questione □ to draw breath, prendere fiato; fermarsi per riposare □ to draw the cork from a bottle, stappare una bottiglia □ to draw a distinction (o a line), fare una distinzione: We have to draw a line between acts that are criminal and acts that are unethical, dobbiamo fare una distinzione tra atti criminali e atti contrari all'etica □ to draw one's first breath, emettere il primo vagito; nascere □ ( a carte) to draw for partners, tirare a sorte per formare le coppie di giocatori □ to draw sb. 's fire, attirare il fuoco di q.; (fig.) attirare le critiche di q. □ (pitt.) to draw from memory, disegnare a memoria □ to draw one's last breath, dare l'ultimo respiro; esalare l'anima □ (fig.) to draw a line, porre un limite; dire basta (fig.); rifiutarsi di andare oltre (fig.) □ (fam. ingl.) to draw a line under st., mettere una pietra sopra a qc. □ to draw the line at, non voler arrivare a ( un certo punto); rifiutarsi di: I don't mind helping him with his studies but I draw the line at writing his essay for him, lo aiuto volentieri nei suoi studi, ma mi rifiuto di scrivergli il tema □ to draw lots, tirare a sorte □ to draw a prize, vincere un premio (per es., alla lotteria); tirar su un numero vincente □ (mil.) to draw rations, ritirare le razioni di viveri □ (fig.) to draw the short straw –: I drew the short straw, mi è toccato il compito più ingrato □ ( cricket) to draw stumps, estrarre i paletti del wicket; smontare il wicket; chiudere la partita □ to draw to a halt (o to a stop), fermarsi: The train drew to a halt just outside the station, il treno si è fermato appena fuori dalla stazione □ to draw to a close (o to an end), avviarsi al termine: The evening drew to a close, la serata si avviava al termine; His period in office was drawing to an end, il suo periodo in ufficio si avviava al termine □ ( a carte) to draw trumps, tirare giù tutte le briscole (o tutti gli atout) di un avversario.

* * *
I [drɔː]
nome

1) (raffle) sorteggio m., estrazione f. (di lotteria)

2) (tie) (in match) pareggio m., pari m.

it was a draw — (in match) hanno pareggiato; (in race) sono arrivati ex aequo o a pari merito

3) (attraction) attrazione f.

••

to be quick, slow on the draw — colloq. (in understanding) essere pronto, lento a capire; (in replying) avere, non avere la battuta pronta; [ cowboy] essere veloce, lento nell'estrarre (l'arma)
II 1. [drɔː]
verbo transitivo (pass. drew; p.pass. drawn)

1) fare, disegnare [picture, plan]; disegnare [person, object]; tracciare [ line]

2) fig. rappresentare, tratteggiare [character, picture]; tracciare [ comparison]

3) (pull) [animal, engine] tirare, trainare [cart, plough]; tirare [ rope]; [machine, suction] aspirare [liquid, gas]

he drew the child towards him — tirò a sé il bambino

to draw the curtains — tirare le tende

he drew his finger along the shelf — passò un dito lungo lo scaffale

to draw a handkerchief across one's forehead — passarsi un fazzoletto sulla fronte

to draw a pint of beer — spillare una pinta di birra

to draw blood — cavare sangue

4) (derive) trarre, tirare [ conclusion] ( from da); trarre [ inspiration] ( from da)

he drew hope from this — ciò gli ha dato speranza

to be drawn from — [energy, information] essere ricavato o ottenuto da

5) (cause to talk) fare parlare [ person] (about, on di)

to draw sth. from o out of sb. — ottenere da qcn., carpire a qcn. [ information]; strappare a qcn. [truth, smile]

6) (attract) attirare [crowd, person] (to verso); suscitare [reaction, interest]

his speech drew great applause — il suo discorso ricevette molti applausi

to draw sb.'s attention to sth. — attirare o richiamare l'attenzione di qcn. su qcs.

to draw sb. into — coinvolgere qcn. in [conversation, argument]; attirare qcn. in [ battle]

they were drawn together by their love of animals — li avvicinò il comune amore per gli animali

to draw the enemy fire — offrire un bersaglio al fuoco nemico

7) econ. (take out) prelevare [ money] ( from da); emettere [ cheque] (on su); (receive) ritirare, ricevere [wages, pension]

8) gioc. (choose at random) tirare a sorte, estrarre [ticket, winner]

Italy has been drawn against Spain o to play Spain — l'Italia è stata sorteggiata per giocare contro la Spagna

9) sport

to draw a match — pareggiare, terminare l'incontro con un pareggio

10) (remove, pull out) togliere, estrarre [tooth, thorn] ( from da); togliere [ cork] ( from a); estrarre, sguainare [ sword]; estrarre [knife, gun]; prendere, estrarre [ card]

11) (disembowel) eviscerare [ chicken]
2.
verbo intransitivo (pass. drew; p.pass. drawn)

1) (make picture) disegnare

2) (move)

to draw ahead (of sth., sb.) — superare (qcs., qcn.)

to draw alongside — [ boat] accostare

the car drew alongside the lorry — l'automobile si accostò al camion

to draw close o near [ time] avvicinarsi; they drew nearer to listen si avvicinarono per ascoltare; to draw into [ bus] arrivare in [ station]; [ train] entrare in [ station]; to draw level pareggiare, raggiungere (gli altri); to draw over [ vehicle] accostare; the lorry drew over to the right-hand side of the road il camion accostò a destra; to draw to one side [ person] scostarsi; to draw round o around [ people] avvicinarsi; to draw to a halt fermarsi; to draw to a close o an end — [day, event] avvicinarsi alla fine, volgere al termine

3) sport (in match) [ teams] pareggiare; (in race) [ runners] arrivare ex aequo; (finish with same points) terminare ex aequo, con gli stessi punti, a pari merito

4) (choose at random)

to draw for sth. — tirare, estrarre a sorte qcs

5) [chimney, pipe] tirare

6) [ tea] essere, stare in infusione

•

- draw apart

- draw aside

- draw away

- draw back

- draw down

- draw in

- draw off

- draw on

- draw out

- draw up

••

to draw the line — porre un limite

to draw the line at doing — rifiutarsi di fare

English-Italian dictionary > draw
5 last

I
1.
adjective
1) (coming at the end: We set out on the last day of November; He was last in the race; He caught the last bus home.) último

2) (most recent; next before the present: Our last house was much smaller than this; last year/month/week.) último

3) (coming or remaining after all the others: He was the last guest to leave.) último

2. adverb
(at the end of or after all the others: He took his turn last.) en último lugar

- lastly
- at long last
- at last
- hear
- see the last of
- the last person
- the last straw
- the last thing
- the last word
- on one's last legs
- to the last
II
verb
1) (to continue to exist: This situation lasted until she got married; I hope this fine weather lasts.) durar

2) (to remain in good condition or supply: This carpet has lasted well; The bread won't last another two days - we'll need more; This coat will last me until I die.) durar

•

- lasting
- last out

last¹ adj

1. pasado

they got married last week se casaron la semana pasada

2. último

what time is the last train? ¿a qué hora sale el último tren?

at last por fin

at last!, where have you been? ¡por fin!, ¿dónde has estado?

last² adv

1. último

who arrived last? ¿quién llegó el último? / ¿quién fue el último en llegar?

2. por última vez

when did you last see your father? ¿cuándo fue la última vez que viste a tu padre?

last³ vb durar

the class lasts one hour la clase dura una hora / la clase es de una hora

good shoes last longer los zapatos buenos duran más

last

tr[lɑːst]

adjective

1 (final) último,-a

2 (most recent) último,-a

■ the last time la última vez

3 (past) pasado,-a; (previous) anterior

■ last Monday el lunes pasado

■ last night anoche

■ last week la semana pasada

■ the night before last anteanoche

■ the month/year before last hace dos meses/años

■ she's been studying hard for the last week hace una semana que estudia mucho

■ Spielberg's new film is much better than his last one la nueva película de Spielberg es mucho mejor que la anterior

adverb

1 por última vez

■ that's when he last came to see me eso es cuando me vino a ver por última vez

2 (at the end) en último lugar; (in race) en última posición

■ who came last in the 1000 metres? ¿quién acabó último en la carrera de los 1000 metros?

noun

1 (person) el/la último,-a; (thing) lo último

■ are you the last? ¿eres tú el último?

■ the first shall be last and the last shall be first los primeros serán los últimos y los últimos serán los primeros

■ he drank the last of the wine se bebió lo que quedaba del vino

■ the last I heard he was back in Ireland lo último que sé es que volvió a Irlanda

■ I'm sure we haven't heard the last of it estoy seguro de que aquí no se ha acabado la historia

intransitive verb

1 (continue) durar; (hold out) aguantar, resistir

transitive verb

1 durar

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

at last al fin, por fin

at long last por fin

if it's the last thing I do cueste lo que cueste, aunque sea lo último que haga

last but not least por último lugar, pero no por eso menos importante

last but one penúltimo,-a

to be the last straw familiar ser el colmo

to be the last word familiar ser el último grito

to breathe one's last dar el último suspiro

to have seen the last of somebody haber visto a alguien por última vez

to have the last word decir la última palabra

to the last hasta el final

the Last Judgment el Juicio Final

the last rites la extremaunción nombre femenino

————————

last

tr[lɑːst]

noun

1 (shoemaker's) horma

last ['læst] vi

1) continue: durar

how long will it last?: ¿cuánto durará?

2) endure: aguantar, durar

3) survive: durar, sobrevivir

4) suffice: durar, bastar

last vt

1) : durar

it will last a lifetime: durará toda la vida

2)

to last out : aguantar

last adv

1) : en último lugar, al último

we came in last: llegamos en último lugar

2) : por última vez, la última vez

I saw him last in Bogota: lo vi por última vez en Bogotá

3) finally: por último, en conclusión

last adj

1) final: último, final

2) previous: pasado

last year: el año pasado

last n

1) : el último, la última, lo último

at last: por fin, al fin, finalmente

2) : horma f (de zapatero)

last

adj.

• extremo, -a adj.

• pasado, -a adj.

• por último adj.

• postrero, -a adj.

• postrimero, -a adj.

• supremo, -a adj.

• último, -a adj.

n.

• fin s.m.

v.

• aguantar v.

• continuar v.

• durar v.

• humear v.

• resistir v.

• subsistir v.

læst, lɑːst
I

adjective

1)

a) ( in series) <chapter/lap> último

the second to last door, the last door but one — la penúltima puerta

I do it last thing at night — es lo último que hago antes de acostarme

to be last — (in race, on arrival) ser* el último (en llegar), llegar* el último or (CS) llegar* último

to be last to + INF — ser* el último en + inf

b) (final, ultimate) <chance/day> último

at the very last minute o moment — en el último momento, a última hora

the last rites o sacraments — la extremaunción

c) ( only remaining) último

I'm down to my last few dollars — sólo me quedan unos pocos dólares

2) (previous, most recent) (before n)

last Tuesday — el martes pasado

this time last week — la semana pasada a estas horas

in my last letter — en mi última carta

the last time I went — la última vez que fui

3) ( least likely or suitable)

that was the last thing I expected to hear from you — es lo que menos me esperaba que me dijeras

that's the last thing I'd do! — no se me ocurriría hacer eso!; laugh II, leg I 1), straw a)

II

pronoun

1)

a) (in series, sequence) último, -ma m,f

the last to + INF — el último/la última/los últimos/las últimas en + inf

the last I remember — lo último que recuerdo

we haven't heard the last of him/it — nos va a seguir dando guerra, ya verás

to breathe one's last — (liter) exhalar el último suspiro

b) ( only remaining)

the last OF something: the last of its kind el último de su clase; that's the last of the jam — esa es toda la mermelada que queda

c) (in phrases) (liter)

at the last — al final

to o until the last — hasta el último momento, hasta el final

2) ( preceding one)

the night before last — anteanoche, antenoche (AmL)

at the meeting before last — en la penúltima reunión

each hill seemed steeper than the last — cada colina parecía más empinada que la anterior

III

adverb

1)

a) ( at the end)

I went in last — fui el último en entrar, entré el último, entré último (CS)

our team came o finished last — nuestro equipo quedó en último lugar or (CS tb) terminó último

b) (finally, in conclusion)

last of all — por último, lo último (de todo)

and last but not least — y por último, pero no por eso menos importante

c) (in phrases)

at last — por fin, al fin

at long last — por fin, finalmente

2) ( most recently)

she was last seen a year ago — la última vez que se la vio fue hace un año

when did you last see him o see him last? — ¿cuándo fue la última vez que lo viste?

IV

noun ( for shoemaking) horma f

V
1.

intransitive verb

1)

a) ( continue) durar

it lasted (for) three hours — duró tres horas

b) (endure, survive) durar

he wouldn't last five minutes in the army — no aguantaría or no duraría ni cinco minutos en el ejército

2) ( be sufficient) durar

to make something last — hacer* durar algo

3) ( remain usable) durar

it will last (for) a lifetime — durará toda la vida

2.

vt durar

we have enough fuel to last us — el combustible que tenemos nos durará

Phrasal Verbs:

- last out

I [lɑːst]
1. ADJ

1) (=most recent) último

I've seen her twice in the last week — la he visto dos veces en la última semana

the last few weeks have been hectic — las últimas semanas han sido muy ajetreadas

over the last few months — durante los últimos meses

he hasn't been seen these last two years — no se lo ha visto en los últimos dos años

2) (=previous) (referring to specific occasion) [Christmas, Easter] pasado; [time, meeting, birthday] último

last Christmas we went to my mother's — las Navidades pasadas fuimos a casa de mi madre

the last time we went, it rained — la última vez que fuimos, llovió

on Monday last — frm el pasado lunes

last Friday/month/year — el viernes/el mes/el año pasado

this time last year — el año pasado por estas fechas

last week — la semana pasada

this time last week — la semana pasada a estas horas
night 1., 1)
3) (=final) último

the last Friday of the month — el último viernes del mes

the last Sunday before Christmas — el último domingo antes de Navidad

the last door on the right — la última puerta a la derecha

the last three pages of the book — las tres últimas paginas del libro

he spent the last few years of his life here — pasó los últimos años de su vida aquí

• last but one — penúltimo

• down to the last detail — hasta el más mínimo detalle, hasta el último detalle

• the Last Judg(e)ment — el Juicio Final

• to fight to the last man — (lit, fig) luchar hasta el último aliento

• I was the last person to arrive/to see him alive — fui la última en llegar/la última persona que lo vió vivo

• I'm down to my last pound — solo me queda una libra

• the last rites — (Rel) la extremaunción

• second to last — antepenúltimo

• last thing at night — antes de acostarse

I'll finish it if it's the last thing I do — ¡lo terminaré aunque sea la última cosa que haga en esta vida!

• that was the last time I saw him — esa fue la última vez que lo vi

for the last time, shut up! — ¡cállate, y que sea la última vez que te lo digo!

- be on it's/one's last legs

4) (=least likely)

• you're the last person I'd trust with it — lo confiaría a cualquiera menos a ti, eres la última persona a la que se lo confiaría

I would be the last person to stand in your way — yo soy la que menos me interprondía en tu camino, yo soy la última persona que se interpondría en tu camino

• that was the last thing I expected — eso era lo que menos me esperaba

at 32, retirement is the last thing on his mind — con 32 años, jubilarse es lo último en que piensa

2. PRON

1) (of series) último

he was the last of the Tudors — fue el último de los Tudores

that was the last I saw of him — después de aquello no volví a verlo más

the last we heard of him he was in Rio — según las últimas noticias estaba en Río

if we don't go we shall never hear the last of it — si no vamos no dejarán de recordárnoslo

you haven't heard the last of this! — ¡esto no se acaba aquí!, ¡esto no se va a quedar así!

to be the last (one) to do sth — ser el último en hacer algo

we're always the last to know — siempre somos los últimos en enterarnos

• the last but one — el/la penúltimo(-a)

• to leave sth till last — dejar algo para lo último or el final

• to look one's last on sth — liter ver algo por última vez

• to the last — hasta el final
breathe 1., 1)
2) (=previous one)

each one is better than the last — son cada vez mejores

• the night before last — anteanoche

the week before last — la semana anterior a la pasada, la semana pasada no, la anterior

the Saturday before last — el sábado anterior al pasado, el sábado pasado no, el anterior

it was the question before last that I found difficult — la pregunta que me resultó difícil fue la penúltima

3) (=all that remains)

this is the last of the bread/wine — esto es lo que queda de pan/vino

he was the last of his kind, a true professional — fue el último de los de su clase, un verdadero profesional

4)

• at last — por fin

• at long last the search was over — por fin la búsqueda había concluido

3. ADV

1) (=finally)

• last of all, take out the screws — por último, saca los tornillos

• last but not least — por último, pero no por ello menos importante

2) (=in last place, at the end)

he was or came last in the 100 metres — terminó en último lugar or en última posición en los 100 metros

to arrive last — llegar el or (LAm) al último

• last in, first out — los últimos en llegar son a los que despiden los primeros

3) (=most recently)

• when I last saw them — la última vez que las vi

he was last seen in Brighton — se lo vio por última vez en Brighton

I last saw her in 1987 — la vi por última vez en 1987

II [lɑːst]
1. VI

1) (=continue) durar

it lasts (for) two hours — dura dos horas

the trial is expected to last (for) three weeks — se espera que el juicio dure tres semanas

the symptoms can last (for) up to a week — los síntomas pueden persistir hasta una semana

• nothing lasts forever — nada dura para siempre

• it's too good to last, it can't last — esto no puede durar

2) (=survive) durar

the previous boss only lasted a week — el jefe anterior solamente duró una semana

he wouldn't have lasted ten minutes in those conditions — no hubiera durado or aguantado ni diez minutos en esas condiciones

he won't last the night (out) — no sobrevivirá hasta la mañana

3) (=be enough) durar

how long will the gas last? — ¿hasta cuándo durará or alcanzará el gas?

the town has enough water to last a fortnight — la ciudad tiene agua suficiente para dos semanas

• "only available while stocks last" — (Comm) "solo hasta que se agoten las existencias"

4) (=remain usable) durar

this material will last (for) years — esta tela durará años

• more expensive batteries last longer — las pilas más caras duran más

• made to last — hecho para que dure

2.

VT durar

this amount should last you (for) a week — esta cantidad debería durarte una semana

• it will last you a lifetime — te durará toda la vida

I've had enough publicity to last me a lifetime! — ¡me han dado publicidad suficiente para toda una vida!

- last out

III

[lɑːst]
N (in shoemaking) horma f
- stick to your last!

* * *
[læst, lɑːst]
I

adjective

1)

a) ( in series) <chapter/lap> último

the second to last door, the last door but one — la penúltima puerta

I do it last thing at night — es lo último que hago antes de acostarme

to be last — (in race, on arrival) ser* el último (en llegar), llegar* el último or (CS) llegar* último

to be last to + INF — ser* el último en + inf

b) (final, ultimate) <chance/day> último

at the very last minute o moment — en el último momento, a última hora

the last rites o sacraments — la extremaunción

c) ( only remaining) último

I'm down to my last few dollars — sólo me quedan unos pocos dólares

2) (previous, most recent) (before n)

last Tuesday — el martes pasado

this time last week — la semana pasada a estas horas

in my last letter — en mi última carta

the last time I went — la última vez que fui

3) ( least likely or suitable)

that was the last thing I expected to hear from you — es lo que menos me esperaba que me dijeras

that's the last thing I'd do! — no se me ocurriría hacer eso!; laugh II, leg I 1), straw a)

II

pronoun

1)

a) (in series, sequence) último, -ma m,f

the last to + INF — el último/la última/los últimos/las últimas en + inf

the last I remember — lo último que recuerdo

we haven't heard the last of him/it — nos va a seguir dando guerra, ya verás

to breathe one's last — (liter) exhalar el último suspiro

b) ( only remaining)

the last OF something: the last of its kind el último de su clase; that's the last of the jam — esa es toda la mermelada que queda

c) (in phrases) (liter)

at the last — al final

to o until the last — hasta el último momento, hasta el final

2) ( preceding one)

the night before last — anteanoche, antenoche (AmL)

at the meeting before last — en la penúltima reunión

each hill seemed steeper than the last — cada colina parecía más empinada que la anterior

III

adverb

1)

a) ( at the end)

I went in last — fui el último en entrar, entré el último, entré último (CS)

our team came o finished last — nuestro equipo quedó en último lugar or (CS tb) terminó último

b) (finally, in conclusion)

last of all — por último, lo último (de todo)

and last but not least — y por último, pero no por eso menos importante

c) (in phrases)

at last — por fin, al fin

at long last — por fin, finalmente

2) ( most recently)

she was last seen a year ago — la última vez que se la vio fue hace un año

when did you last see him o see him last? — ¿cuándo fue la última vez que lo viste?

IV

noun ( for shoemaking) horma f

V
1.

intransitive verb

1)

a) ( continue) durar

it lasted (for) three hours — duró tres horas

b) (endure, survive) durar

he wouldn't last five minutes in the army — no aguantaría or no duraría ni cinco minutos en el ejército

2) ( be sufficient) durar

to make something last — hacer* durar algo

3) ( remain usable) durar

it will last (for) a lifetime — durará toda la vida

2.

vt durar

we have enough fuel to last us — el combustible que tenemos nos durará

Phrasal Verbs:

- last out

English-spanish dictionary > last
6 lead

I noun
1) (metal) Blei, das

go down like a lead balloon — mit Pauken und Trompeten durchfallen (ugs.); [Rede, Vorschlag usw.:] überhaupt nicht ankommen

2) (in pencil) [Bleistift]mine, die
II 1. transitive verb,
led

1) führen

lead somebody by the hand — jemanden an der Hand führen

lead somebody by the nose — (fig.) jemanden nach seiner Pfeife tanzen lassen

lead somebody into trouble — (fig.) jemandem Ärger einbringen

this is leading us nowhere — (fig.) das führt zu nichts

2) (fig.): (influence, induce)

lead somebody to do something — jemanden veranlassen, etwas zu tun

be easily led — sich leicht beeinflussen lassen

that leads me to believe that... — das lässt mich glauben, dass...

he led me to suppose/believe that... — er gab mir Grund zu der Annahme/er machte mich glauben, dass...

3) führen [Leben]

lead a life of misery/a miserable existence — ein erbärmliches Dasein führen/eine kümmerliche Existenz fristen

4) (be first in) anführen

lead the world in electrical engineering — auf dem Gebiet der Elektrotechnik in der ganzen Welt führend sein

Smith led Jones by several yards/seconds — (Sport) Smith hatte mehrere Yards/Sekunden Vorsprung vor Jones

5) (direct, be head of) anführen [Bewegung, Abordnung]; leiten [Diskussion, Veranstaltung, Ensemble]; [Dirigent:] leiten [Orchester, Chor]; [Konzertmeister:] führen [Orchester]

lead a party — Vorsitzender/Vorsitzende einer Partei sein
2. intransitive verb,
led

1) [Straße usw., Tür:] führen

lead to the town/to the sea — zur Stadt/ans Meer führen

lead to confusion — Verwirrung stiften

one thing led to another — es kam eins zum anderen

2) (be first) führen; (go in front) vorangehen; (fig.): (be leader) an der Spitze stehen

lead by 3 metres — mit 3 Metern in Führung liegen; 3 Meter Vorsprung haben

lead in the race — das Rennen anführen
3. noun
1) (precedent) Beispiel, das; (clue) Anhaltspunkt, der

follow somebody's lead, take one's lead from somebody — jemandes Beispiel (Dat.) folgen

2) (first place) Führung, die

be in the lead — in Führung liegen; an der Spitze liegen

move or go into the lead, take the lead — sich an die Spitze setzen; in Führung gehen

3) (amount, distance) Vorsprung, der

4) (on dog etc.) Leine, die

on a lead — an der Leine

put a dog on the lead — einen Hund anleinen

5) (Electr.) Kabel, das; Leitung, die

6) (Theatre) Hauptrolle, die; (player) Hauptdarsteller, der/-darstellerin, die

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/42119/lead_away">lead away

- lead off

- lead on

- lead up to

* * *
I 1. [li:d] past tense, past participle - led; verb
1) (to guide or direct or cause to go in a certain direction: Follow my car and I'll lead you to the motorway; She took the child by the hand and led him across the road; He was leading the horse into the stable; The sound of hammering led us to the garage; You led us to believe that we would be paid!) führen

2) (to go or carry to a particular place or along a particular course: A small path leads through the woods.) führen

3) ((with to) to cause or bring about a certain situation or state of affairs: The heavy rain led to serious floods.) führen

4) (to be first (in): An official car led the procession; He is still leading in the competition.) anführen

5) (to live (a certain kind of life): She leads a pleasant existence on a Greek island.) führen
2. noun
1) (the front place or position: He has taken over the lead in the race.) die Führung

2) (the state of being first: We have a lead over the rest of the world in this kind of research.) die Führung

3) (the act of leading: We all followed his lead.) die Führung

4) (the amount by which one is ahead of others: He has a lead of twenty metres (over the man in second place).) der Vorsprung

5) (a leather strap or chain for leading a dog etc: All dogs must be kept on a lead.) die Leine

6) (a piece of information which will help to solve a mystery etc: The police have several leads concerning the identity of the thief.) der Hinweis

7) (a leading part in a play etc: Who plays the lead in that film?) die Hauptrolle

•

- leader
- leadership
- lead on
- lead up the garden path
- lead up to
- lead the way II [led] noun
1) (( also adjective) (of) an element, a soft, heavy, bluish-grey metal: lead pipes; Are these pipes made of lead or copper?) das Blei

2) (the part of a pencil that leaves a mark: The lead of my pencil has broken.) die Mine

•

- leaden

* * *

lead¹

[led]

I. n

1. no pl (metal) Blei nt

to be as heavy as \lead schwer wie Blei sein

to contain \lead bleihaltig sein

2. (pencil filling) Mine f

3. no pl (graphite) Grafit m

4. no pl (bullets) Blei nt veraltet, Kugeln pl

5. BRIT (strips of lead)

▪ \leads pl (in windows) Bleifassung f; (on roofs) Bleiplatten pl

6. NAUT Lot nt fachspr

7.

▶ to have \lead in one's pencil ein steifes Rohr haben sl vulg

▶ to get the \lead out sich akk beeilen

▶ to swing the \lead BRIT ( fam: pretend to be sick) krankfeiern fam; (pretend to be incapable of work) sich akk drücken fam, schwänzen SCHWEIZ fam

II. n modifier (bullet, crystal, pipe, weight) Blei-

\lead accumulator Bleiakkumulator m

▶ to go down like a \lead balloon überhaupt nicht ankommen fam

lead²

[li:d]

I. n

1. THEAT, FILM Hauptrolle f

to get/play the \lead [in sth] [in etw dat] die Hauptrolle bekommen/spielen

2. usu sing (guiding, example) Beispiel nt

to follow sb's \lead jds Beispiel folgen

3. usu sing (guiding in dance) Führung f kein pl

to give a strong \lead gut führen

to follow sb's \lead sich akk von jdm führen lassen

4. no pl (front position) Führung f

▪ to be in the \lead führend sein; SPORT in Führung liegen

to go [or move] into the \lead die Führung übernehmen; SPORT sich akk an die Spitze setzen

to have/hold/take [over] the \lead die Führung haben/verteidigen/übernehmen

to lose one's \lead die Führung verlieren

5. (position in advance) Vorsprung m

6. (clue) Hinweis m

to get a \lead on sth einen Hinweis auf etw akk bekommen

7. (connecting wire) Kabel nt

8. BRIT, AUS (rope for pet) Leine f

▪ to be on a \lead angeleint sein

to keep an animal on a \lead ein Tier an der Leine halten

to let an animal off the \lead ein Tier von der Leine lassen, ein Tier frei laufen lassen

to be [let] off the \lead ( fig hum) sturmfreie Bude haben fam

9. TYPO Durchschuss m

II. vt

<led, led>

1. (be in charge of)

▪ to \lead sb/sth jdn/etw führen

she led the party to victory sie führte die Partei zum Sieg

to \lead a delegation/an expedition eine Delegation/eine Expedition leiten

to \lead a discussion/an inquiry eine Diskussion/Ermittlungen leiten

to \lead sb in prayer jdm vorbeten

2. (guide)

▪ to \lead sb/sth jdn/etw führen

▪ to \lead sb into/over/through sth jdn in/über/durch etw akk führen

▪ to \lead sb to sth jdn zu etw dat führen

to \lead sb astray jdn auf Abwege führen

3. (go in advance)

to \lead the way vorangehen

to \lead the way in sth ( fig) bei etw dat an der Spitze stehen

4. (cause to have)

to \lead sb [in]to problems jdn in Schwierigkeiten bringen

5. ( pej: cause to do)

▪ to \lead sb to do sth jdn dazu verleiten, etw zu tun

to \lead sb to believe that... jdn glauben lassen, dass...

6. ECON, SPORT (be ahead of)

▪ to \lead sb jdn anführen

to \lead the field/the pack das Feld/die Gruppe anführen

to \lead the world weltweit führend sein

7. (spend)

to \lead a life of luxury ein Leben im Luxus führen

to \lead a cat-and-dog life wie Hund und Katze leben

to \lead a charmed life (be very lucky in life) ein glückliches Leben führen; (be guarded from above) einen Schutzengel haben

to \lead a hectic/quiet life ein hektisches/ruhiges Leben führen

the life she \leads is very relaxed sie führt ein sehr bequemes Leben

8. (influence)

▪ to \lead sb witness jdn beeinflussen

9.

▶ to \lead sb up [or down] the garden path ( fam) jdn an der Nase herumführen [o hinters Licht führen]

▶ to \lead sb a merry dance ( fam) sein Spiel mit jdm treiben

▶ to \lead sb by the nose ( fam) jdn unter seiner Fuchtel haben fam

III. vi

<led, led>

1. (be in charge) die Leitung innehaben

2. (be guide) vorangehen

where she \leads, others will follow sie ist eine starke Führungspersönlichkeit

to \lead from the front ( fig) den Ton angeben

3. (guide woman dancer) führen

4. (be directed towards)

▪ to \lead somewhere irgendwohin führen

the track \leads across the fields der Pfad führt über die Felder

this passage \leads into the servants' quarters dieser Gang führt zu den Wohnräumen der Bediensteten

the door \leads onto a wide shady terrace die Tür geht auf eine große, schattige Terrasse hinaus

5. (implicate)

▪ to \lead to sth auf etw akk hinweisen

everything \leads to this conclusion alles legt diese Schlussfolgerung nahe

6. (cause to develop, happen)

▪ to \lead to sth zu etw dat führen

this is bound to \lead to trouble das muss zwangsläufig zu Schwierigkeiten führen

all this talk is \leading nowhere all dieses Gerede führt zu [o fam bringt] nichts

where's it all going to \lead? wo soll das alles noch hinführen?

7. (be in the lead) führen; SPORT in Führung liegen

to \lead by 10 points mit 10 Punkten in Führung liegen

8. LAW in einem Prozess auftreten

to \lead for the prosecution die Anklage[verhandlung] eröffnen

9.

▶ to \lead with one's chin ( fam) das Schicksal herausfordern

▶ all roads \lead to Rome ( saying) alle Wege führen nach Rom prov

* * *
I [led]
1. n

1) (= metal) Blei nt

they pumped him full of lead (inf) — sie pumpten ihn mit Blei voll (inf)

2) (in pencil) Grafit nt, Graphit nt; (= single lead) Mine f

that'll put lead in your pencil (inf) — das wird dir die Glieder stärken (inf)

3) (NAUT) Lot nt

4) pl (on roof) Bleiplatten pl; (in window) Bleifassung f

2. vt
(= weight with lead) mit Blei beschweren II [liːd] vb: pret, ptp led
1. n

1) (= front position) Spitzenposition f; (= leading position, SPORT) Führung f, Spitze f; (in league etc) Tabellenspitze f

to be in the lead — führend sein, in Führung liegen; (Sport) in Führung or vorn liegen, führen

to take the lead, to move into the lead — in Führung gehen, die Führung übernehmen; (in league) Tabellenführer werden

this set gives him the lead —

this match gives them the lead in the league — mit diesem Spiel gehen sie in der Liga in Führung

he took the lead from the German runner — er übernahm die Führung vor dem deutschen Läufer

Japan took the lead from Germany in exports — Japan verdrängte Deutschland auf dem Exportmarkt von der Spitze

2) (= distance, time ahead) Vorsprung m

to have two minutes' lead over sb — zwei Minuten Vorsprung vor jdm haben

3) (= example) Beispiel nt

to give sb a lead — jdm etw vormachen

to take the lead, to show a lead — mit gutem Beispiel vorangehen

4) (= clue) Indiz nt, Anhaltspunkt m; (in guessing etc) Hinweis m, Tipp m

the police have a lead — die Polizei hat eine Spur

it gave the police a lead — das brachte die Polizei auf die Spur

5) (CARDS)

it's my lead — ich fange an

6) (THEAT) (= part) Hauptrolle f; (= person) Hauptdarsteller(in) m(f)

to sing the lead — die Titelpartie or die tragende Partie singen

7) (= leash) Leine f

on a lead — an der Leine

8) (ELEC) Leitung(skabel nt) f, Kabel nt; (from separate source) Zuleitung f (form)

2. vt

1) (= conduct) person, animal führen; water leiten

to lead sb in/out etc — jdn hinein-/hinaus- etc führen

that road will lead you back to the station — auf dieser Straße kommen Sie zum Bahnhof zurück

to lead the way (lit, fig) — vorangehen; ( fig

all this talk is leading us nowhere — dieses ganze Gerede bringt uns nicht weiter

the argument led us round in circles — unsere Argumentation drehte sich im Kreis

2) (= be the leader of, direct) (an)führen; expedition, team leiten; regiment führen; movement, revolution anführen; conversation bestimmen; orchestra (conductor) leiten; (first violin) führen

to lead a government — an der Spitze einer Regierung stehen, Regierungschef sein

to lead a party — Parteivorsitzender sein, den Parteivorsitz führen

3) (= be first in) anführen

they led us by 30 seconds — sie lagen mit 30 Sekunden vor uns (dat)

Britain leads the world in textiles — Großbritannien ist auf dem Gebiet der Textilproduktion führend in der Welt

4) card ausspielen

5) life führen

to lead a life of luxury/deception — ein Luxusleben/betrügerisches Leben führen

6) (= influence) beeinflussen

to lead sb to do sth — jdn dazu bringen, etw zu tun

to lead a witness — einen Zeugen/eine Zeugin beeinflussen

what led him to change his mind? — wie kam er dazu, seine Meinung zu ändern?

to lead sb to believe that... — jdm den Eindruck vermitteln, dass..., jdn glauben machen, dass... (geh)

I am led to believe that... —

to lead sb into error — jdn irreleiten or fehlleiten

to lead sb into trouble — jdn in Schwierigkeiten bringen

he is easily led — er lässt sich leicht beeinflussen

this led me to the conclusion that... — daraus schloss ich, dass...

I am led to the conclusion that... —

what leads you to think that? — woraus schließen Sie das?

7) wire, flex legen, entlangführen

3. vi

1) (= go in front) vorangehen; (in race) in Führung liegen

to lead by 10 metres — einen Vorsprung von 10 Metern haben, mit 10 Metern in Führung liegen

he easily leads — er liegt klar in Führung

he always follows where his brother leads — er macht alles nach, was sein Bruder macht

the "Times" led with a story about the financial crisis —

he leads with his right (Boxing) — er ist Rechtsausleger

2) (= be a leader also in dancing) führen

he had shown the ability to lead — er hat gezeigt, dass er Führungsqualitäten besitzt

3) (CARDS) ausspielen (with sth etw)

who leads? — wer spielt aus?, wer fängt an?

4) (street etc) führen, gehen

it leads into that room — es führt zu diesem Raum

this road leads nowhere — diese Straße führt nirgendwohin or geht nicht weiter

5) (= result in, cause) führen (to zu)

all this talk is leading nowhere — dieses ganze Gerede führt zu nichts

remarks like that could lead to trouble — solche Bemerkungen können unangenehme Folgen haben

what will all these strikes lead to? — wo sollen all diese Streiks hinführen?

* * *

lead¹ [liːd]

A s

1. Führung f:

a) Leitung f:

under sb’s lead

b) führende Stelle, Spitze f:

be in the lead an der Spitze stehen, führend sein, SPORT etc in Führung oder vorn(e) liegen, führen;

give one’s team the lead SPORT seine Mannschaft in Führung bringen;

have the lead die Führung innehaben, SPORT etc in Führung oder vorn(e) liegen, führen;

shoot one’s team into the lead SPORT seine Mannschaft in Führung schießen;

take the lead

a) auch SPORT die Führung übernehmen, sich an die Spitze setzen ( beide:

from vor dat),

b) die Initiative ergreifen,

c) vorangehen, neue Wege weisen

2. Vorsprung m ( over vor dat) ( auch SPORT):

a one minute’s ( oder one-minute) lead eine Minute Vorsprung;

have a big lead einen großen Vorsprung haben, hoch führen;

have a two-goal lead mit zwei Toren führen;

have the lead over einen Vorsprung vor der Konkurrenz haben, voraus sein (dat)

3. Boxen: (eine Schlagserie) einleitender Schlag

4. Vorbild n, Beispiel n:

follow sb’s lead jemandes Beispiel folgen;

give sb a lead jemandem ein gutes Beispiel geben, jemandem mit gutem Beispiel vorangehen

5. a) Hinweis m, Wink m

b) Anhaltspunkt m

c) Spur f:

give sb a lead jemandem einen Hinweis oder Anhaltspunkt geben; jemanden auf die Spur bringen

6. THEAT etc

a) Hauptrolle f

b) Hauptdarsteller(in)

7. Kartenspiel:

a) Vorhand f

b) zuerst ausgespielte Karte oder Farbe:

your lead! Sie spielen aus!

8. Journalismus:

a) Vorspann m (eines Zeitungsartikels)

b) Aufmacher m:

the scandal was the lead in the papers der Skandal wurde von den Zeitungen groß herausgestellt

9. TECH Steigung f, Ganghöhe f (eines Gewindes)

10. ELEK

a) (Zu)Leitung f

b) Leiter m, Leitungsdraht m

c) (Phasen) Voreilung f

11. (Mühl) Kanal m

12. Wasserrinne f (in einem Eisfeld)

13. (Hunde) Leine f:

keep on the lead an der Leine führen oder halten

14. MIL Vorhalt m

B adj Leit…, Führungs…, Haupt…

C v/t prät und pperf led [led]

1. führen, leiten, jemandem den Weg zeigen:

lead the way vorangehen, den Weg zeigen; → garden path, nose Bes Redew

2. führen, bringen:

this road will lead you to town; → temptation

3. bewegen, verleiten, -führen ( alle:

to zu), dahin bringen, veranlassen ( beide:

to do zu tun):

this led me to believe that … dies veranlasste mich zu glauben, dass …;

what led you to think so? was brachte Sie zu dieser Ansicht?

4. a) (an)führen, leiten, an der Spitze stehen von, SPORT führen vor (dat) oder gegen (by mit):

lead an army eine Armee führen oder befehligen;

lead the field SPORT das Feld anführen;

lead the table SPORT die Tabelle anführen, an der Tabellenspitze stehen;

lead sb by 20 seconds SPORT einen Vorsprung von 20 Sekunden vor jemandem haben

b) eine Untersuchung etc leiten

5. a) besonders US ein Orchester leiten, dirigieren

b) besonders Br die erste Geige spielen oder Konzertmeister sein in (dat) oder bei

6. ein behagliches etc Leben führen

7. jemandem etwas bereiten: → dance C 1, dog Bes Redew

8. einen Zeugen durch Suggestivfragen lenken

9. eine Karte, Farbe etc aus-, anspielen

10. Boxen: einen Schlag führen

D v/i

1. führen:

a) vorangehen, den Weg weisen (auch fig)

b) die erste oder leitende Stelle einnehmen, Führer sein

c) SPORT an der Spitze oder in Führung liegen:

lead by points nach Punkten führen

2. führen (Straße, Gang etc):

lead into münden in (akk);

lead off abgehen von;

lead to fig führen zu, zur Folge haben; → Rome A

3. Boxen: (zu schlagen) beginnen:

lead with the left

4. lead with (Journalismus) etwas als Aufmacher bringen

5. lead with → C 9

lead² [led]

A s

1. CHEM Blei n:

(as) heavy as lead bleischwer, schwer wie Blei (Sack, Füße etc); → balloon A 1

2. SCHIFF Senkblei n, Lot n:

cast ( oder heave) the lead das Lot auswerfen, loten;

swing the lead Br sl sich (vor oder von der Arbeit) drücken, besonders krankmachen, krankfeiern umg

3. Blei n, Kugeln pl (Geschosse)

4. CHEM Grafit m, Reißblei n

5. (Bleistift) Mine f:

put lead in sb’s pencil umg hum jemandes Manneskraft stärken

6. TYPO Durchschuss m

7. Fensterblei n, Bleifassung f

8. pl Br

a) bleierne Dachplatten pl

b) (flaches) Bleidach

9. → white lead

B v/t

1. verbleien:

leaded verbleit, (Benzin auch) bleihaltig

2. a) mit Blei füllen

b) mit Blei beschweren

3. Fensterglas in Blei fassen:

leaded window Bleiglasfenster n;

leaded lights pl Bleiverglasung f

4. TYPO durchschießen

C v/i SCHIFF loten

* * *
I noun
1) (metal) Blei, das

go down like a lead balloon — mit Pauken und Trompeten durchfallen (ugs.); [Rede, Vorschlag usw.:] überhaupt nicht ankommen

2) (in pencil) [Bleistift]mine, die
II 1. transitive verb,
led

1) führen

lead somebody by the hand — jemanden an der Hand führen

lead somebody by the nose — (fig.) jemanden nach seiner Pfeife tanzen lassen

lead somebody into trouble — (fig.) jemandem Ärger einbringen

this is leading us nowhere — (fig.) das führt zu nichts

2) (fig.): (influence, induce)

lead somebody to do something — jemanden veranlassen, etwas zu tun

be easily led — sich leicht beeinflussen lassen

that leads me to believe that... — das lässt mich glauben, dass...

he led me to suppose/believe that... — er gab mir Grund zu der Annahme/er machte mich glauben, dass...

3) führen [Leben]

lead a life of misery/a miserable existence — ein erbärmliches Dasein führen/eine kümmerliche Existenz fristen

4) (be first in) anführen

lead the world in electrical engineering — auf dem Gebiet der Elektrotechnik in der ganzen Welt führend sein

Smith led Jones by several yards/seconds — (Sport) Smith hatte mehrere Yards/Sekunden Vorsprung vor Jones

5) (direct, be head of) anführen [Bewegung, Abordnung]; leiten [Diskussion, Veranstaltung, Ensemble]; [Dirigent:] leiten [Orchester, Chor]; [Konzertmeister:] führen [Orchester]

lead a party — Vorsitzender/Vorsitzende einer Partei sein
2. intransitive verb,
led

1) [Straße usw., Tür:] führen

lead to the town/to the sea — zur Stadt/ans Meer führen

lead to confusion — Verwirrung stiften

one thing led to another — es kam eins zum anderen

2) (be first) führen; (go in front) vorangehen; (fig.): (be leader) an der Spitze stehen

lead by 3 metres — mit 3 Metern in Führung liegen; 3 Meter Vorsprung haben

lead in the race — das Rennen anführen
3. noun
1) (precedent) Beispiel, das; (clue) Anhaltspunkt, der

follow somebody's lead, take one's lead from somebody — jemandes Beispiel (Dat.) folgen

2) (first place) Führung, die

be in the lead — in Führung liegen; an der Spitze liegen

move or go into the lead, take the lead — sich an die Spitze setzen; in Führung gehen

3) (amount, distance) Vorsprung, der

4) (on dog etc.) Leine, die

on a lead — an der Leine

put a dog on the lead — einen Hund anleinen

5) (Electr.) Kabel, das; Leitung, die

6) (Theatre) Hauptrolle, die; (player) Hauptdarsteller, der/-darstellerin, die

Phrasal Verbs:

- lead away

- lead off

- lead on

- lead up to

* * *

(editorial) n.

Leitartikel m. n.

Blei nur sing. n. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: led)

= anführen v.

führen v.

leiten v.

vorangehen v.

English-german dictionary > lead
7 finish

'finiʃ
1. verb
1) (to bring or come to an end: She's finished her work; The music finished.) acabar, terminar

2) (to use, eat, drink etc the last of: Have you finished your tea?) acabar

2. noun
1) (the last touch (of paint, polish etc) that makes the work perfect: The wood has a beautiful finish.) acabado

2) (the last part (of a race etc): It was a close finish.) llegada

•

- finished
- finish off
- finish up

finish¹ n final

it was a very close finish fue un final muy reñido

finish² vb acabar / terminar

the party finished at 4 in the morning la fiesta acabó a las 4 de la madrugada

I finish school at three o'clock salgo del colegio a las tres

have you finished painting the bedroom? ¿has acabado de pintar el dormitorio?

finish

tr['fɪnɪʃ]

noun

1 fin nombre masculino, final nombre masculino, conclusión nombre femenino

2 SMALLSPORT/SMALL llegada

3 (for surface) acabado

■ matt/gloss finish acabado mate/brillo

transitive verb

1 (end) acabar, terminar

■ I must finish this book tengo que acabar este libro

■ what time do you finish work? ¿a qué hora sales del trabajo?

■ we finished the meal and left acabamos la comida y nos fuimos

2 (consume the remainder of) acabar (off/up, -), terminar (off/up, -)

■ finish (up) your potatoes cómete todas las patatas, termínate las patatas

■ who finished (off) the wine? ¿quién ha acabado el vino?

3 (complete) acabar ( off, -), terminar ( off, -)

■ he finished the essay as quickly as possible acabó la redacción lo más rápido posible

■ when will this building be finished? ¿cuándo acabarán este edificio?

4 familiar (exhaust) agotar ( off, -), acabar con

■ that last lap just about finished me off esta última vuelta me ha dejado hecho polvo

intransitive verb

1 (end) acabar, terminar

■ when does term finish? ¿cuándo acaba el trimestre?

■ the film finishes at 10.00pm la película termina a las 10.00

■ I haven't finished reading that yet! ¡aún no he terminado de leerlo!

■ she finished by saying that... terminó diciendo...

2 SMALLSPORT/SMALL llegar

■ he finished second llegó en segundo lugar, llegó el segundo

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to the finish hasta el final

close finish SMALLSPORT/SMALL final nombre masculino muy reñido

finish ['fɪnɪʃ] vt

1) complete: acabar, terminar

2) : aplicar un acabado a (muebles, etc.)

finish n

1) end: fin m, final m

2) refinement: refinamiento m

3) : acabado m

a glossy finish: un acabado brillante

finish

n.

• acabado s.m.

• acabamiento s.m.

• cabo s.m.

• conclusión s.f.

• fenecimiento s.m.

• fin s.m.

• final s.m.

• remate s.m.

• revestimiento s.m.

• término s.m.

v.

• acabalar v.

• acabar v.

• concluir v.

• consumar v.

• coronar v.

• finalizar v.

• finiquitar v.

• terminar v.

• ultimar v.

I
1. 'fɪnɪʃ
transitive verb

1)

a) ( complete) terminar, acabar

we finish school/work at four o'clock today — hoy salimos a las cuatro

to finish -ING — terminar or acabar de + inf

b) ( consume) \<\<drink/rations\>\> terminar, acabar

2) ( create surface texture on) \<\<cloth/porcelain\>\> terminar; \<\<wood\>\> pulir

3) ( destroy) (colloq) acabar con

2.

vi terminar, acabar

she finished by summarizing the main points — concluyó resumiendo los puntos principales

if you've quite finished, may I get a word in? — (iro) si has acabado ya ¿me dejas meter baza? (iró)

to finish first/last — terminar en primer/último lugar

Phrasal Verbs:

- finish off

- finish up

II

noun

1) (no pl)

a) ( end) fin m, final m

a fight to the finish — una lucha a muerte

b) ( of race) llegada f

it was a very close finish — llegaron a la meta casi a la par

2) ( surface texture) acabado m

a matt finish — un acabado mate

['fɪnɪʃ]
1. N

1) (=end) final m

to be in at the finish — presenciar el final

a fight to the finish — una lucha a muerte

to fight to the finish — luchar a muerte

from start to finish — de principio a fin

2) (Sport) [of race] final m

it's going to be a close finish — va a ser un final reñido

the replays showed a close finish — la repetición mostraba que habían cruzado la meta casi a la vez

3) (=appearance) acabado m

a table with an oak finish — una mesa con un acabado en roble

gloss(y) finish — acabado m brillo

matt finish — acabado m mate

a surface with a rough/smooth finish — una superficie sin pulir/pulida

4) (=refinement) refinamiento m

she's a beautiful model, but she lacks finish — es una modelo bella, pero le falta refinamiento

2. VT

1) (=complete) terminar, acabar

I've nearly finished the ironing — casi he terminado or acabado de planchar

what time do you finish work? — ¿a qué hora terminas el trabajo?

I'll be finishing my course next year — termino or acabo el curso el año que viene

to finish doing sth — terminar or acabar de hacer algo

as soon as he finished eating, he excused himself — en cuanto terminó or acabó de comer, se excusó

2) (=use up, consume) [+ food, resources] terminar, acabar

finish your soup — termínate la sopa, acábate la sopa

if you finish the milk, let me know — si terminas (toda) la leche, dímelo

3) (=round off) rematar

finish the dish with a sprinkling of parsley — remate el plato espolvoreándolo con perejil

we finished the afternoon with tea at the Ritz — rematamos la tarde tomando té en el Ritz

4) * (=defeat, destroy) acabar con

that last kilometre nearly finished me — el kilómetro final casi acabó conmigo

5) (=apply surface to)

finish the wood with wax or varnish — dele un acabado final a la madera con cera o barniz

3. VI

1) (=come to an end) terminar, acabar

the party was finishing — la fiesta se estaba terminando or acabando

have you quite finished? — ¿has acabado ya?; (=can I speak now?) ¿puedo hablar ya?

she finished by saying that... — terminó or acabó diciendo que...

I've finished with the paper — he acabado el periódico, he terminado con el periódico

come back, I haven't finished with you yet! — ¡vuelve, que todavía no he terminado or acabado contigo!

2) (Sport) (=end race) terminar, acabar

she finished first/last — terminó or acabó en primer lugar/en último lugar

3) (=end association) romper, terminar ( with con)

she's finished with him — ha roto or terminado con él

4) (Econ)

our shares finished at $70 — al cierre de la Bolsa, nuestras acciones se cotizaban a 70 dólares

4.

CPD

finish line N (US) — = finishing line

- finish off

- finish up

* * *

I
1. ['fɪnɪʃ]
transitive verb

1)

a) ( complete) terminar, acabar

we finish school/work at four o'clock today — hoy salimos a las cuatro

to finish -ING — terminar or acabar de + inf

b) ( consume) \<\<drink/rations\>\> terminar, acabar

2) ( create surface texture on) \<\<cloth/porcelain\>\> terminar; \<\<wood\>\> pulir

3) ( destroy) (colloq) acabar con

2.

vi terminar, acabar

she finished by summarizing the main points — concluyó resumiendo los puntos principales

if you've quite finished, may I get a word in? — (iro) si has acabado ya ¿me dejas meter baza? (iró)

to finish first/last — terminar en primer/último lugar

Phrasal Verbs:

- finish off

- finish up

II

noun

1) (no pl)

a) ( end) fin m, final m

a fight to the finish — una lucha a muerte

b) ( of race) llegada f

it was a very close finish — llegaron a la meta casi a la par

2) ( surface texture) acabado m

a matt finish — un acabado mate

English-spanish dictionary > finish
8 end

1. noun
1) (farthest point) Ende, das; (of nose, hair, tail, branch, finger) Spitze, die

that was the end — (coll.) (no longer tolerable) da war Schluss (ugs.); (very bad) das war das Letzte (ugs.)

at an end — zu Ende

come to an end — enden ( see also 1. 7))

my patience has come to or is now at an end — meine Geduld ist jetzt am Ende

look at a building/a pencil end on — ein Gebäude von der Schmalseite/einen Bleistift von der Spitze her betrachten

from end to end — von einem Ende zum anderen

end to end — längs hintereinander

lay end to end — aneinander reihen

keep one's end up — (fig.) seinen Mann stehen

make [both] ends meet — (fig.) [mit seinem Geld] zurechtkommen

no end — (coll.) unendlich viel

there is no end to something — (coll.) etwas nimmt kein Ende

put an end to something — einer Sache (Dat.) ein Ende machen

2) (of box, packet, tube, etc.) Schmalseite, die; (top/bottom surface) Ober-/Unterseite, die

on end — (upright) hochkant

somebody's hair stands on end — (fig.) jemandem stehen die Haare zu Berge (ugs.)

3) (remnant) Rest, der; (of cigarette, candle) Stummel, der

4) (side) Seite, die

be on the receiving end of something — etwas abbekommen od. einstecken müssen

how are things at your end? — wie sieht es bei dir aus?

5) (half of sports pitch or court) Spielfeldhälfte, die

6) (of swimming pool)

deep/shallow end [of the pool] — tiefer/flacher Teil [des Schwimmbeckens]

7) (conclusion, lit. or fig.) Ende, das; (of lesson, speech, story, discussion, meeting, argument, play, film, book, sentence) Schluss, der; Ende, das

by the end of the week/meeting — als die Woche herum war/als die Versammlung zu Ende war

at the end of 1987/March — Ende 1987/März

that's the end of that — (fig.) damit ist die Sache erledigt

be at an end — zu Ende sein

bring a meeting etc. to an end — eine Versammlung usw. beenden

come to an end — ein Ende nehmen (see also 1. 1))

have come to the end of something — mit etwas fertig sein

in the end — schließlich

on end — ununterbrochen (see also academic.ru/4773/b">b)

8) (downfall, destruction) Ende, das; (death) Ende, das (geh. verhüll.)

meet one's end — den Tod finden (geh.)

somebody comes to a bad end — es nimmt ein böses od. schlimmes Ende mit jemandem

9) (purpose, object) Ziel, das; Zweck, der

be an end in itself — (the only purpose) das eigentliche Ziel sein

the end justifies the means — der Zweck heiligt die Mittel

with this end in view — mit diesem Ziel vor Augen

to this/what end — zu diesem/welchem Zweck
2. transitive verb
1) (bring to an end) beenden; kündigen [Abonnement]

end one's life/days — (spend last part of life) sein Leben/seine Tage beschließen

2) (put an end to, destroy) ein Ende setzen (+ Dat.)

end it [all] — (coll.): (kill oneself) [mit dem Leben] Schluss machen (ugs.)

3) (stand as supreme example of)

a feast/race etc. to end all feasts/races — etc. ein Fest/Rennen usw., das alles [bisher Dagewesene] in den Schatten stellt
3. intransitive verb
enden

where will it all end? — wo soll das noch hinführen?

the match ended in a draw — das Spiel ging unentschieden aus

Phrasal Verbs:

- end up

* * *
[end] 1. noun
1) (the last or farthest part of the length of something: the house at the end of the road; both ends of the room; Put the tables end to end (= with the end of one touching the end of another); ( also adjective) We live in the end house.) das Ende, End-...

2) (the finish or conclusion: the end of the week; The talks have come to an end; The affair is at an end; He is at the end of his strength; They fought bravely to the end; If she wins the prize we'll never hear the end of it (= she will often talk about it).) das Ende

3) (death: The soldiers met their end bravely.) der Tod

4) (an aim: What end have you in view?) das Ziel

5) (a small piece left over: cigarette ends.) der Rest, der Stummel
2. verb
(to bring or come to an end: The scheme ended in disaster; How does the play end?; How should I end (off) this letter?) (be)enden

- ending
- endless
- at a loose end
- end up
- in the end
- make both ends meet
- make ends meet
- no end of
- no end
- on end
- put an end to
- the end
* * *

end

[end]

I. n

1. (last, furthest point) Ende nt

at our/your \end ( fam) bei uns/euch

from \end to \end von einem Ende zum anderen

2. (final part, finish) Ende nt, Schluss m

\end of the exchange session STOCKEX Börsenschluss m

\end of the quarter Quartalsende nt

\end of the term Laufzeitende nt

on \end ununterbrochen

for hours on \end stundenlang

3. (limit) Ende nt

to be at the \end of one's patience mit seiner Geduld am Ende sein

no \end of trouble reichlich Ärger

4. (completion) Schluss m

there's an \end of it! Schluss jetzt!

her career is now at an \end ihre Karriere ist jetzt zu Ende

to come to an \end zu Ende gehen

to make an \end of sth mit etw dat Schluss machen

to put an \end to sth etw dat ein Ende setzen

to read a story to the \end eine Geschichte zu Ende lesen

at the \end of next week Ende nächster Woche

at the \end of six months nach Ablauf von sechs Monaten

without \end unaufhörlich

5. (exhaustion) Ende nt

to be at an \end fertig sein fam; ( fig) pleite sein fam

6. (surface bounding extremities) Ende nt; TECH Stirnseite f, Stirnfläche f

\end to \end der Länge nach

\end on:

the table faced him \end on er stand vor der kurzen Tischkante

place the table \end on against the wall stell den Tisch mit der schmalen Seite an die Wand

on \end hochkant

my hair stood on \end mir standen die Haare zu Berge

7. usu pl (aims) Ziel nt, Absicht f; (purpose) Zweck m

for commercial \ends zu kommerziellen Zwecken

to achieve one's \ends seine Ziele erreichen

to this \end zu diesem Zweck

8. ( fig: matter of concern) Teil m

I'm taking care of my \end of the plan and hope he's taking care of his ich kümmere mich um meinen Teil des Plans und hoffe, dass er sich um seinen kümmert

you take care of the business \end of things du kümmerst dich um das Geschäftliche

9. (result) Ergebnis nt

the \end of all that was that... das Ende vom Lied war, dass...

10. (death) Ende nt, Tod m

sudden/untimely \end plötzliches/vorzeitiges Ende

to meet one's \end den Tod finden geh

sb is nearing his/her \end mit jdm geht es zu Ende

11. (small leftover piece) Rest m, Ende nt; of a candle, cigarette Stummel m

12. (share in a business transaction) Anteil m, SCHWEIZ a. Betreffnis nt

13. SPORT (either half of a pitch) [Spielfeld]hälfte f; (player in American Football) den Seitenlinien am nächsten stehender Spieler

14. COMPUT (button on keyboard) ‚Ende‘

15. ( fam: the worst)

it's the \end das ist das Letzte fam

16. esp AM ( fam: the best)

it's the \end das ist das Größte fam

17.

▶ all \ends up völlig

▶ to become an \end in itself [zum] Selbstzweck werden

▶ to come to a bad [or BRIT sticky] \end ein schlimmes Ende nehmen

▶ at the \end of the day (when everything is considered) letzten Endes; (finally, eventually) schließlich, zum Schluss

▶ to go off the deep \end hochgehen fam

▶ to hold [or keep] one's \end up sich akk nicht unterkriegen lassen fam

▶ in the \end (when everything is considered) letzten Endes; (finally, eventually) schließlich, zum Schluss

▶ the \end justifies the means ( prov) der Zweck heiligt die Mittel prov

▶ to make [both] \ends meet mit seinem Geld zurechtkommen, über die Runden kommen fam

▶ no \end außerordentlich

that would please Granny no \end darüber würde Oma sich irrsinnig freuen fam

▶ to put an \end to oneself [or it all] Selbstmord begehen

▶ to reach the \end of the line [or road] am Ende sein

▶ \end of story Schluss, aus, fertig fam

he deserved to be punished, \end of story er hat die Strafe verdient und Schluss fam

▶ [and] that's the \end of the story [or matter] und jetzt Schluss damit!

▶ to be at the \end of one's tether [or AM rope] am Ende [seiner Kräfte] sein

▶ to throw sb in at the deep \end jdn ins kalte Wasser werfen fig

▶ it's not the \end of the world davon geht die Welt nicht unter

II. vt

1. (finish)

▪ to \end sth etw beenden [o zu Ende bringen

2. (make stop)

▪ to \end sth etw beenden, etw dat ein Ende setzen [o machen

3. (outdo)

a film to \end all films der beste Film aller Zeiten

4.

▶ to \end it all Selbstmord begehen

III. vi

1. (result in)

▪ to \end in sth in etw dat enden

to \end in divorce mit der Scheidung enden

to \end in a draw unentschieden ausgehen

2. (finish) enden

* * *
[end]
1. n

1) Ende nt; (of finger) Spitze f

at the end of the procession — am Schluss or Ende der Prozession

our house is the fourth from the end — unser Haus ist das viertletzte

to the ends of the earth — bis ans Ende der Welt

from end to end — von einem Ende zum anderen

who'll meet you at the other end? — wer holt dich ab, wenn du ankommst?

Lisa's on the other end (of the phone) — Lisa ist am Telefon

to stand on end (barrel, box etc) — hochkant stehen; (hair) zu Berge stehen

for hours on end —

the ships collided end on (Brit) — die Schiffe fuhren aufeinander auf

end to end — mit den Enden aneinander

to change ends (Sport) — die Seiten wechseln

to make (both) ends meet (fig) — zurechtkommen (inf), sich über Wasser halten

to see no further than the end of one's nose — nicht weiter sehen als seine Nase (reicht)

how are things at your end? — wie sieht es bei Ihnen aus?

we've got some problems at this end — wir haben hier or bei uns einige Probleme

to have one's end away ( Brit sl ) — kräftig durchziehen (sl)

See:

→ rope, tether

2) (= remnant of rope) Ende nt, Rest m; (of candle, cigarette) Stummel m

just a few odd ends left — nur noch ein paar Reste

3) (= conclusion) Ende nt

at the end — schließlich

the end of the month — das Monatsende

at/toward(s) the end of December — Ende/gegen Ende Dezember

at the end of (the) winter/the war — am Ende des Winters/des Krieges

at the end of the opera/the book — am Schluss der Oper/des Buches

at the end of three weeks — nach drei Wochen

they'll be paid at the end of the job — sie werden bezahlt, wenn sie mit der Arbeit fertig sind

at the end of the day (fig) — letzten Endes, schließlich und endlich

until or to the end of time — bis ans Ende aller Tage

is there no end to this? — hört das denn nie auf?

as far as I'm concerned, that's the end of the matter! — für mich ist die Sache erledigt

we shall never hear the end of it — das werden wir noch lange zu hören kriegen

to be at an end — zu Ende sein

to be at the end of one's patience/strength — mit seiner Geduld/seinen Kräften am Ende sein

to watch a film to the end —

to read a book to the end — ein Buch bis zu Ende lesen

that's the end of him — er ist erledigt or fertig (inf)

that's the end of that — das ist damit erledigt

to bring to an end — zu Ende bringen, beenden; relations ein Ende setzen (+dat), beenden

to come to an end — zu Ende gehen

to get to the end of the road/book — ans Ende der Straße/zum Schluss des Buches kommen

this is the end of the road for the government —

at the end of the road or line many businesses will go bankrupt — letzten Endes werden viele Firmen Pleite machen (inf)

in the end — schließlich, zum Schluss

to put an end to sth — einer Sache (dat) ein Ende setzen

to come to a bad end — ein böses Ende nehmen

to meet one's end — den Tod finden

he met a violent end —

were you with him at the end? — warst du zum Schluss or am Ende bei ihm?

4)

(inf phrases) we met no end of famous people (esp Brit) — wir trafen viele berühmte Leute

to think no end of sb (esp Brit) — große Stücke auf jdn halten

it pleased her no end (esp Brit) — das hat ihr maßlos or irrsinnig (inf)

you're the end (Brit) (= annoying) (= funny) — du bist der letzte Mensch (inf) du bist zum Schreien (inf)

5) (= purpose) Ziel nt, Zweck m

with this end in view — mit diesem Ziel vor Augen

to what end? (form) — zu welchem Zweck?

an end in itself — Selbstzweck no art

the end justifies the means (prov) — der Zweck heiligt die Mittel (prov)

2. adj attr
letzte(r, s)
the end house — das Endhaus, das letzte Haus

3. vt
beenden; speech, one's days also beschließen
the novel to end all novels — der größte Roman aller Zeiten

the deal to end all deals — das beste Geschäft aller Zeiten

4. vi
enden
we'll have to end soon — wir müssen bald Schluss machen

we ended with a song — zum Schluss sangen wir ein Lied

to be ending — zu Ende gehen

to end by doing sth — schließlich etw tun

where's it all going to end? — wo soll das nur hinführen?

to end in an "s" —

each leg ends in a claw — jedes Bein läuft in einer Klaue aus

an argument which ended in a fight — ein Streit, der mit einer Schlägerei endete

* * *

end [end]

A v/t

1. auch end off beenden, zu Ende bringen oder führen, einer Sache ein Ende machen:

end it all umg Schluss machen (sich umbringen)

2. töten, umbringen

3. a) auch end up etwas ab-, beschließen ( beide:

with mit)

b) den Rest seiner Tage zu-, verbringen, seine Tage beschließen

4. übertreffen:

the dictionary to end all dictionaries das beste Wörterbuch aller Zeiten;

he’s a husband to end all husbands er ist ein absoluter Mustergatte

B v/i

1. enden, aufhören, zu Ende kommen, schließen:

when the war ended bei Kriegsende;

all’s well that ends well Ende gut, alles gut;

where is all this going to end? wo soll das alles nur hinführen?

2. auch end up enden, ausgehen ( beide:

by, in, with damit, dass):

the story ends happily die Geschichte geht gut aus;

end in disaster ( oder a fiasco) mit einem Fiasko enden;

it ended with ( oder in) sb getting hurt schließlich führte es dazu, dass jemand verletzt wurde;

he will end by marrying her er wird sie schließlich heiraten

3. sterben

4. end up

a) enden, landen umg ( beide:

in prison im Gefängnis),

b) enden (as als):

he ended up as an actor er wurde schließlich Schauspieler

C s

1. (örtlich) Ende n:

at the end of the back straight SPORT eingangs der Zielkurve;

begin at the wrong end am falschen Ende anfangen;

from one end to another, from end to end von einem Ende zum anderen, vom Anfang bis zum Ende

2. Ende n, (entfernte) Gegend:

to the end of the world bis ans Ende der Welt;

the other end of the street das andere Ende der Straße

3. Ende n, Endchen n, Rest m, Stück(chen) n, Stummel m, Stumpf m

4. Ende n, Spitze f (eines Bleistifts etc)

5. SCHIFF (Kabel-, Tau) Ende n

6. auch TECH Stirnseite f, -fläche f, Ende n:

the two trains hit each other end on die beiden Züge stießen frontal zusammen;

put two tables end to end zwei Tische mit den Schmalseiten oder Enden aneinanderstellen

7. (zeitlich) Ende n, Schluss m:

“the end” (FILM etc) „Ende“;

in the end am Ende, schließlich;

at the end of May Ende Mai;

at the end of the season am Saisonende;

to the end of time bis in alle Ewigkeit;

without end unaufhörlich, endlos, immer und ewig;

there is no end in sight es ist kein Ende abzusehen;

there is no end to it es hat oder nimmt kein Ende

8. Tod m, Ende n, Untergang m:

be near one’s end dem Tod nahe sein;

you will be the end of me! du bringst mich noch ins Grab!

9. Resultat n, Ergebnis n, Folge f:

the end of the matter was that … die Folge (davon) war, dass …

10. meist pl Absicht f, (End)Zweck m, Ziel n:

end in itself Selbstzweck;

the end justifies ( oder sanctifies) the means der Zweck heiligt die Mittel;

to this end zu diesem Zweck;

gain one’s ends sein Ziel erreichen;

for one’s own end zum eigenen Nutzen;

private ends Privatinteressen;

to no end vergebensBesondere Redewendungen: no end of applause umg nicht enden wollender Beifall;

no end of trouble umg endlose Scherereien;

he is no end of a fool umg er ist ein Vollidiot;

we had no end of fun umg wir hatten einen Mordsspaß;

no end disappointed umg maßlos enttäuscht;

on end

a) ununterbrochen, hintereinander,

b) aufrecht stehend, hochkant for hours on end stundenlang;

place ( oder put) sth on (its) end etwas aufrecht oder hochkant stellen;

hy hair stood on end mir standen die Haare zu Berge;

end to end der Länge nach, hintereinander;

at our ( oder this) end umg hier bei uns;

at your end umg bei Ihnen, dort, in Ihrer Stadt;

how are things at your end? umg was tut sich bei Ihnen?;

be at an end

a) zu Ende sein, aus sein,

b) mit seinen Mitteln oder Kräften am Ende sein my patience is at an end meine Geduld ist zu Ende;

you are the (absolute) end umg

a) du bist (doch) das Letzte,

b) du bist (echt) zum Brüllen that’s the (absolute) end umg

a) das ist (doch) das Letzte,

b) das ist (einfach) sagenhaft iron. bring to an end eine Versammlung etc beenden;

come ( oder draw) to an end ein Ende nehmen oder finden, zu Ende gehen;

come to a bad end ein schlimmes oder böses Ende nehmen, bös enden;

you’ll come to a bad end mit dir wird es (noch einmal) ein schlimmes Ende nehmen;

get one’s end away Br vulg sl bumsen (Geschlechtsverkehr haben);

go off (at) the deep end umg hochgehen, wütend werden;

have an end ein Ende haben oder nehmen;

have sth at one’s finger’s end umg etwas aus dem Effeff beherrschen, etwas (Kenntnisse) parat haben;

keep one’s end up umg

a) seinen Mann stehen,

b) sich nicht unterkriegen lassen make (both) ends meet durchkommen, (finanziell) über die Runden kommen ( beide:

on mit);

make an end of ( oder put an end to) sth Schluss machen mit etwas, einer Sache ein Ende setzen;

put an end to o.s. seinem Leben ein Ende machen oder setzen; → loose A 3 b, sharp A 1

* * *
1. noun
1) (farthest point) Ende, das; (of nose, hair, tail, branch, finger) Spitze, die

that was the end — (coll.) (no longer tolerable) da war Schluss (ugs.); (very bad) das war das Letzte (ugs.)

at an end — zu Ende

come to an end — enden (see also 1. 7))

my patience has come to or is now at an end — meine Geduld ist jetzt am Ende

look at a building/a pencil end on — ein Gebäude von der Schmalseite/einen Bleistift von der Spitze her betrachten

from end to end — von einem Ende zum anderen

end to end — längs hintereinander

lay end to end — aneinander reihen

keep one's end up — (fig.) seinen Mann stehen

make [both] ends meet — (fig.) [mit seinem Geld] zurechtkommen

no end — (coll.) unendlich viel

there is no end to something — (coll.) etwas nimmt kein Ende

put an end to something — einer Sache (Dat.) ein Ende machen

2) (of box, packet, tube, etc.) Schmalseite, die; (top/bottom surface) Ober-/Unterseite, die

on end — (upright) hochkant

somebody's hair stands on end — (fig.) jemandem stehen die Haare zu Berge (ugs.)

3) (remnant) Rest, der; (of cigarette, candle) Stummel, der

4) (side) Seite, die

be on the receiving end of something — etwas abbekommen od. einstecken müssen

how are things at your end? — wie sieht es bei dir aus?

5) (half of sports pitch or court) Spielfeldhälfte, die

6) (of swimming pool)

deep/shallow end [of the pool] — tiefer/flacher Teil [des Schwimmbeckens]

7) (conclusion, lit. or fig.) Ende, das; (of lesson, speech, story, discussion, meeting, argument, play, film, book, sentence) Schluss, der; Ende, das

by the end of the week/meeting — als die Woche herum war/als die Versammlung zu Ende war

at the end of 1987/March — Ende 1987/März

that's the end of that — (fig.) damit ist die Sache erledigt

be at an end — zu Ende sein

bring a meeting etc. to an end — eine Versammlung usw. beenden

come to an end — ein Ende nehmen (see also 1. 1))

have come to the end of something — mit etwas fertig sein

in the end — schließlich

on end — ununterbrochen (see also b)

8) (downfall, destruction) Ende, das; (death) Ende, das (geh. verhüll.)

meet one's end — den Tod finden (geh.)

somebody comes to a bad end — es nimmt ein böses od. schlimmes Ende mit jemandem

9) (purpose, object) Ziel, das; Zweck, der

be an end in itself — (the only purpose) das eigentliche Ziel sein

the end justifies the means — der Zweck heiligt die Mittel

with this end in view — mit diesem Ziel vor Augen

to this/what end — zu diesem/welchem Zweck
2. transitive verb
1) (bring to an end) beenden; kündigen [Abonnement]

end one's life/days — (spend last part of life) sein Leben/seine Tage beschließen

2) (put an end to, destroy) ein Ende setzen (+ Dat.)

end it [all] — (coll.): (kill oneself) [mit dem Leben] Schluss machen (ugs.)

3) (stand as supreme example of)

a feast/race etc. to end all feasts/races — etc. ein Fest/Rennen usw., das alles [bisher Dagewesene] in den Schatten stellt
3. intransitive verb
enden

where will it all end? — wo soll das noch hinführen?

the match ended in a draw — das Spiel ging unentschieden aus

Phrasal Verbs:

- end up

* * *

(cigarette) n.

Zigarettenkippe f.

Zigarettenstummel m. n.

Ende -n n.

Schluss ¨-e m.

Ziel -e n.

Zweck -e m. v.

beenden v.

beendigen v.

enden v.

English-german dictionary > end
9 challenge

' ælin‹
1. verb
1) (to ask (someone) to take part in a contest: He challenged his brother to a round of golf.) desafiar, retar

2) (to question (someone's authority or right, the truth of a statement etc).) poner en duda, cuestionar

2. noun
1) (an invitation to a contest: He accepted his brother's challenge to a fight.) desafío

2) (the act of questioning someone's right, a statement etc.) recusación

•

- challenger
- challenging

challenge¹ n reto / desafío

to build a bridge in a month was a real challenge construir un puente en un mes suponía un auténtico reto

challenge² vb

1. desafiar

we challenged them to a race les desafiamos a una carrera

2. cuestionar / poner en duda

many scientists now challenge this theory ahora, muchos científicos cuestionan esta teoría

El gerundio de challenge se escribe challenging

challenge

tr['ʧælɪnʤ]

noun

1 (gen) reto, desafío

■ he rose to the challenge aceptó el reto

2 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL alto, quién vive nombre masculino

3 SMALLLAW/SMALL recusación nombre femenino

transitive verb

1 (invite to compete) retar, desafiar

■ I challenge you to beat me te desafío a que me ganes

■ he challenged me to a game of chess me retó a una partida de ajedrez

2 (question, dispute - person, authority) poner a prueba, cuestionar; (- statement) poner en duda, cuestionar, poner en tela de juicio

3 (stimulate) suponer un reto para, constituir un reto para

4 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL dar el alto a, dar el quién vive a

5 SMALLLAW/SMALL recusar

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to issue a challenge to somebody desafiar a alguien, retar a alguien

challenge ['ʧælɪnʤ] vt, - lenged ; - lenging

1) dispute: disputar, cuestionar, poner en duda

2) dare: desafiar, retar

3) stimulate: estimular, incentivar

challenge n

: reto m, desafío m

challenge

n.

• demanda s.f.

• desafío s.m.

• reto s.m.

v.

• desafiar v.

• recusar v.

• retar v.

I 'tʃæləndʒ, 'tʃælɪndʒ
transitive verb

1)

a) ( summon) desafiar*, retar

to challenge somebody to + INF — desafiar* a alguien a que (+ subj)

b) ( offer competition to)

no one can challenge the leaders now — nadie puede hacer peligrar la posición de los líderes

c) ( question) \<\<authority/findings\>\> cuestionar; \<\<assumption/theory\>\> cuestionar, poner* en entredicho or en duda or en tela de juicio

2) ( stimulate) \<\<job\>\> suponer* or constituir* un reto or un desafío para

3) ( stop) ( Mil) darle* el alto a

II

noun

1) c

a) (to duel, race) desafío m, reto m

to issue a challenge to somebody — desafiar* or retar a alguien

b) ( competition) rival m

2) c u ( stimulation) reto m, desafío m

3) c (by policeman, sentry) alto m

['tʃælɪndʒ]
1. N

1) (to game, fight etc) desafío m, reto m ; [of sentry] alto m

to issue a challenge to sb — desafiar a algn

to rise to the challenge — ponerse a la altura de las circunstancias

to take up a challenge — aceptar un desafío

2) (=bid) (for leadership etc) intento m ( for por)

Vigo's challenge for the league leadership — la tentativa que hace el Vigo para hacerse con el liderato de la liga

3) (fig) desafío m, reto m

this task is a great challenge — esta tarea representa un gran desafío

the challenge of the 21st century — el reto del siglo XXI

the challenge of new ideas — el reto de las nuevas ideas

4) (Jur) recusación f

2. VT

1) (to duel) desafiar, retar; [sentry] dar el alto a

2) [+ speaker] hablar en contra de

to challenge sb to do sth — desafiar or retar a algn a que haga algo

3) (=dispute) [+ fact, point] poner en duda

I challenge that conclusion — dudo que esa conclusión sea acertada

4) (Jur) recusar

* * *

I ['tʃæləndʒ, 'tʃælɪndʒ]
transitive verb

1)

a) ( summon) desafiar*, retar

to challenge somebody to + INF — desafiar* a alguien a que (+ subj)

b) ( offer competition to)

no one can challenge the leaders now — nadie puede hacer peligrar la posición de los líderes

c) ( question) \<\<authority/findings\>\> cuestionar; \<\<assumption/theory\>\> cuestionar, poner* en entredicho or en duda or en tela de juicio

2) ( stimulate) \<\<job\>\> suponer* or constituir* un reto or un desafío para

3) ( stop) ( Mil) darle* el alto a

II

noun

1) c

a) (to duel, race) desafío m, reto m

to issue a challenge to somebody — desafiar* or retar a alguien

b) ( competition) rival m

2) c u ( stimulation) reto m, desafío m

3) c (by policeman, sentry) alto m

English-spanish dictionary > challenge
10 lead

I.

lead

A n

1 (winning position in race, game, poll, quiz) to be in the lead, to have the lead être en tête ; to go into the lead, to take the lead passer en tête ; this gave him the lead ceci lui a permis de passer en tête ; to move into an early lead passer rapidement en tête ; to share the lead se partager la première place ;

2 ( amount by which one is winning) avance f (over sur) ; to have a lead of three points/half a lap avoir trois points/un demi-tour de piste d'avance ; to have a six second/three-goal lead avoir six secondes/trois buts d'avance ; to increase one's lead creuser l'écart (by de) ; to increase one's lead in the polls to 20% atteindre une avance de 20% dans les sondages ;

3 ( initiative) to take the lead prendre l'initiative ; to take the lead in doing être le premier/la première à faire ; to give a ou the lead donner l'exemple (in doing en faisant) ; to follow sb's lead suivre l'exemple de qn ;

4 ( clue) piste f ; to have a number of leads to pursue avoir plusieurs pistes à suivre ; this was our first real lead c'était notre première vraie piste ; to give sb a lead as to mettre qn sur la piste ou la voie de [solution, perpetrator] ;

5 Theat, Cin ( role) rôle m principal, premier rôle m ; to play the lead jouer le rôle principal ; who was the male/female lead? qui était l'acteur/l'actrice qui jouait le rôle principal? ;

6 Journ ( story) to be the lead être à la une ○ ; to be the lead in all the papers faire la une ○ de tous les journaux ;

7 Elec ( wire) fil m ;

8 GB ( for dog) laisse f ; on a lead en laisse ; to let the dog off the lead lâcher le chien ;

9 ( in cards) it's Nina's lead c'est à Nina de jouer en premier.

B modif [guitarist, guitar] premier/-ière (before n) ; [role, singer] principal ; [article] principal, à la une ○.

C vtr ( prét, pp led)

1 (guide, escort) mener, conduire [person] (to sth à qch ; to sb auprès de qn ; out of hors de ; through à travers) ; to lead sb into the house/into the kitchen mener or conduire qn dans la maison/à la cuisine ; to lead sb up/down mener or conduire qn en haut de/en bas de [hill, staircase] ; to lead sb back ramener or reconduire qn (to à) ; to lead sb away éloigner qn (from de) ; to lead sb across the road faire traverser la rue à qn ; to lead sb to safety/into a trap conduire qn en lieu sûr/dans un piège ;

2 (pull, take by hand or bridle) mener [child, prisoner, horse] (to à ; into dans ; by par) ; to lead sb to his cell conduire qn dans sa cellule ;

3 ( bring) [path, route, sign, clue, sound, smell] mener [person] (to à) ; where is this discussion leading us? à quoi cette conversation nous mène-t-elle? ; this leads me to my main point ceci m'amène à mon sujet principal ; to lead the conversation onto amener la conversation sur ;

4 ( be leader of) mener [army, team, expedition, attack, strike, revolt, proceedings, procession, parade] ; diriger [orchestra, research] ; to lead sb to victory mener qn à la victoire ; to lead the debate mener les débats ; to lead a congregation in prayer entonner les prières ; to lead the dancing ouvrir le bal ;

5 Sport, Comm ( be ahead of) avoir une avance sur [rival, team] ; to be leading sb by 10 metres avoir une avance de 10 mètres sur qn, devancer qn de 10 mètres ; to be leading Liverpool 4-2 mener par 4 buts à 2 dans le match contre Liverpool ; to lead the world être au premier rang mondial ; to lead the field (in commerce, research) être le plus avancé ; ( in race) mener, être en tête ; to lead the market être le leader du marché ;

6 (cause, influence) to lead sb to do amener qn à faire ; to lead sb to believe/hope that amener qn à croire /espérer que ; to be led to believe that être amené à croire que ; he led me to expect that d'après ce qu'il m'avait dit je m'attendais à ce que (+ subj) ; what led you to this conclusion? qu'est-ce qui vous a amené à cette conclusion? ; everything leads me to conclude that tout me porte à conclure que ; to be easily led être très influençable ;

7 (conduct, have) mener [active life, lazy life] ; to lead a life of luxury/idleness vivre dans le luxe/l'oisiveté ;

8 Jur to lead a witness interroger un témoin en lui suggérant les réponses ;

9 Games ( in cards) jouer [card].

D vi ( prét, pp led)

1 (go, be directed) to lead to [path, route] mener à ; [door] s'ouvrir sur ; [exit, trapdoor] donner accès à ; to lead back to ramener à ; to lead off the corridor [passage] partir du couloir ; [door] s'ouvrir sur le couloir ; footsteps led away from the scene des traces de pas partaient du lieu ;

2 ( result in) to lead to entraîner [complication, discovery, accident, response] ; it was bound to lead to trouble ça devait mal finir ; one thing led to another, and we… de fil en aiguille, nous… ;

3 ( be ahead) [runner, car, company] être en tête ; [team, side] mener ; to lead by three games/15 seconds avoir trois jeux/15 secondes d'avance ; to be leading in the arms race être en tête dans la course aux armements ;

4 ( go first) (in walk, procession) aller devant ; (in action, discussion) prendre l'initiative ;

5 ( in dancing) conduire ;

6 Jur to lead for être l'avocat principal de [defence, prosecution] ;

7 Journ to lead with mettre [qch] à la une ○ [story, headline, picture] ;

8 ( in boxing) to lead with one's left/right attaquer de gauche/de droite ;

9 ( in cards) jouer le premier/la première.

Idioms

to lead the way ( go first) passer devant ; ( guide others) montrer le chemin ; (be ahead, winning) être en tête ; to lead the way up/down/into passer devant pour monter/descendre/entrer dans ; to lead the way in space research être le numéro un dans le domaine de la recherche spatiale.

Phrasal verbs

■ lead off ( begin) commencer (with par).

■ lead on:

▶ lead [sb] on

1 ( give false hope) mener [qn] en bateau ○ [client, investor, searcher] ;

2 ( sexually) provoquer ;

3 ( influence) influencer.

■ lead up to:

▶ lead up to [sth]

1 ( precede) précéder ; the years leading up to the war les années qui ont précédé la guerre ;

2 ( culminate in) se terminer par [argument, outburst] ;

3 ( introduce) amener [topic] ; I had a feeling you were leading up to that je sentais que tu voulais en venir là.

II.

lead

A n

1 ( metal) plomb m ; white lead céruse f ; red lead minium m ;

2 ○ fig ( bullets) pruneaux ○ mpl ;

3 ( also black lead) ( graphite) mine f de plomb ; ( in pencil) mine f ;

4 (on fishing line, in gun cartridge etc) plomb m ;

5 Naut ( for sounding) plomb m (de sonde) ;

6 Print interligne f ;

7 Constr ( of window) (baguette f de) plomb m ; leads ( of windows) plombure f ¢ ;

8 GB ( for roofing) couverture f de plomb ¢.

B modif [paint, piping, weight] en or de plomb.

Idioms

to fill ou pump sb full of lead ○ cribler qn de balles ○ ; to get the lead out ○ US ( stop loafing) se bouger ; ( speed up) se grouiller ○ ; to go over US ou down GB like a lead balloon ○ tomber à plat ○ ; to swing the lead ○ † GB tirer au flanc ○.

Big English-French dictionary > lead
11 lead

Ⅰ.

lead¹ [led]

1 noun

(a) (metal) plomb m;

∎ it's made of lead c'est en plomb

(b) familiar (bullets) plomb m;

∎ they pumped him full of lead ils l'ont plombé

(c) (in pencil) mine f

(d) (piece of lead → for sounding) plomb m (de sonde); (→ on car wheel, fishing line) plomb m; Typography interligne m

(e) (idioms) American familiar

∎ to get the lead out (of one's pants) se magner (le train);

∎ very familiar that'll put some lead in your pencil! (invigorate) ça te requinquera!;

∎ very familiar to have lead in one's pencil (be sexually potent) ne pas avoir de problèmes pour bander

2 transitive verb

(a) (seal) plomber

(b) Typography interligner

3 adjective

(made of lead) de ou en plomb; (containing lead) plombifère;

∎ familiar to go down like a lead balloon tomber à plat^□

4 leads plural noun

British Building industry (on roof) plombs mpl (de couverture); (on window) plombures fpl, plombs mpl

►► lead crystal verre m de ou au plomb;

lead glass verre m de ou au plomb;

lead ore minerai m de plomb;

lead oxide oxyde m de plomb;

lead paint peinture f à base de plomb;

lead pencil crayon m noir ou à papier ou à mine de plomb;

lead poisoning Medicine intoxication f par le plomb, saturnisme m; American familiar (death) mort f par balle(s); (injury) blessure f par balle(s);

∎ American familiar to get lead poisoning être tué/blessé par balle(s);

lead pipe tuyau m de plomb;

lead shot grenaille f de plomb

➲ lead out separable transitive verb

Typography (lines of text) augmenter l'interlignage de

Ⅱ.

lead² [li:d]

tête ⇒ 1 (a) initiative ⇒ 1 (b) indice ⇒ 1 (c) gros titre ⇒ 1 (d) rôle principal ⇒ 1 (e) laisse ⇒ 1 (g) fil ⇒ 1 (h) mener ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (c), 2 (e) être à la tête de ⇒ 2 (b) diriger ⇒ 2 (b) amener ⇒ 2 (d) aller devant ⇒ 3 (d) principal ⇒ 4

(pt & pp led [led])

1 noun

(a) Sport tête f;

∎ to be in the lead être en tête, mener;

∎ to go into or to take the lead (in race) prendre la tête; (in match) mener;

∎ to have a 10-point/10-length lead avoir 10 points/10 longueurs d'avance;

∎ to have a good lead over the rest of the field avoir une bonne avance sur les autres concurrents;

∎ he's opened up a tremendous lead il a pris une avance considérable;

∎ France are hanging on to the lead (in race) la France reste en tête de la course; (in points table) la France reste en tête du classement

(b) (initiative) initiative f;

∎ he took the lead in asking questions il fut le premier à poser des questions;

∎ take your lead from me prenez exemple sur moi;

∎ to follow sb's lead suivre l'exemple de qn;

∎ it's up to the government to give a lead on housing policy c'est au gouvernement (qu'il revient) de donner l'exemple en matière de politique du logement

(c) (indication, clue) indice m, piste f;

∎ to give sb a lead mettre qn sur la voie;

∎ the police have several leads la police tient plusieurs pistes;

∎ we're currently following up an important lead nous sommes actuellement sur une piste prometteuse

(d) British Press gros titre m;

∎ the news made the lead in all the papers la nouvelle était à la une de tous les journaux;

∎ the 'Telegraph' opens with a lead on the Middle East crisis le 'Telegraph' consacre sa une à la crise au Proche-Orient

(e) Cinema & Theatre (role) rôle m principal; (actor) premier rôle m masculin; (actress) premier rôle m féminin;

∎ Jude Law plays the male lead Jude Law tient le premier rôle masculin

(f) Cards

∎ to have the lead jouer le premier;

∎ your lead! à vous de jouer!;

∎ whose lead is it? c'est à qui de jouer?;

∎ you must follow the lead il faut fournir à la couleur demandée;

∎ a heart lead une ouverture à cœur

(g) (for dog) laisse f;

∎ dogs must be kept on a lead (sign) les chiens doivent être tenus en laisse

(h) Electricity fil m

(i) (in ice) chenal m

2 transitive verb

(a) (take, guide) mener, emmener, conduire;

∎ to lead sb somewhere mener ou conduire qn quelque part;

∎ I was led into the garden on m'a emmené ou conduit dans le jardin;

∎ he led them across the lawn il leur fit traverser la pelouse;

∎ she led him down the stairs elle lui fit descendre l'escalier;

∎ she led them to safety elle les a conduits en lieu sûr;

∎ to lead an army into battle mener une armée au combat;

∎ to lead a team to victory mener une équipe à la victoire;

∎ the captain led the team onto the field le capitaine a conduit son équipe sur le terrain;

∎ she led them through the garden (to get out) elle les fit passer par le jardin; (to visit) elle leur fit visiter le jardin;

∎ literary he led her to the altar il la prit pour épouse;

∎ to lead the way montrer le chemin;

∎ police motorcyclists led the way des motards de la police ouvraient la route;

∎ they led the cable along the edge of the floor ils ont fait passé le câble par terre, le long du mur;

∎ Bible lead us not into temptation ne nous soumets pas à la tentation;

∎ proverb you can lead a horse to water but you cannot make him drink on ne saurait faire boire un âne qui n'a pas soif;

∎ figurative to lead sb up the garden path mener qn en bateau

(b) (be leader of) être à la tête de, diriger; (orchestra) diriger;

∎ to lead the prayers/singing diriger la prière/les chants

(c) Sport (be in front of) mener;

∎ Stardust is leading Black Beauty by 10 lengths Stardust a pris 10 longueurs d'avance sur Black Beauty;

∎ to lead the field mener;

∎ to lead sb by 8 points avoir une avance sur qn de 8 points;

∎ figurative Great Britain leads the field in heart transplant technology la Grande-Bretagne est le pays le plus avancé dans le domaine des greffes cardiaques

(d) (induce) amener;

∎ to lead sb to do sth amener qn à faire qch;

∎ despair led him to commit suicide le désespoir l'a poussé au suicide;

∎ he led me to believe (that) he was innocent il m'a amené à croire qu'il était innocent;

∎ everything leads us to believe (that) she is still alive tout porte à croire ou nous avons toutes les raisons de croire qu'elle est encore en vie;

∎ I was led to the conclusion that he had been lying all along je suis arrivé à la conclusion qu'il mentait depuis le début;

∎ what led you to apply for this job? qu'est-ce qui vous a conduit ou amené à postuler?;

∎ he is easily led il se laisse facilement influencer;

∎ figurative subsequent events led the country into war des événements ultérieurs ont entraîné le pays dans la guerre;

∎ this leads me to my second point ceci m'amène à ma seconde remarque;

∎ he led the conversation round to money again il a ramené la conversation sur la question de l'argent

(e) (life) mener;

∎ he has lead a life of debauchery il a mené une vie de débauche;

∎ she has led a full and happy life elle a eu une vie heureuse et bien remplie

(f) Cards demander, jouer;

∎ to lead trumps demander ou jouer atout;

∎ what was led? qu'est-ce qui a été demandé?

(g) Law

∎ to lead a witness poser des questions tendancieuses à un témoin

3 intransitive verb

(a) (go) mener;

∎ this path leads to the village ce chemin mène au village;

∎ where does this door lead to? sur quoi ouvre cette porte?;

∎ the stairs lead to the cellar l'escalier mène ou conduit à la cave;

∎ take the street that leads away from the station prenez la rue qui part de la gare;

∎ that road leads nowhere cette route ne mène nulle part;

∎ figurative this is leading nowhere! cela ne rime à rien!

(b) Sport mener, être en tête;

∎ to lead by 2 metres avoir 2 mètres d'avance;

∎ to lead by 3 points to 1 mener par 3 points à 1;

∎ Black Beauty is leading Black Beauty est en tête

(c) Cards

∎ hearts led cœur (a été) demandé;

∎ Joanne to lead c'est à Joanne de jouer

(d) (go in front) aller devant; (in mountaineering) grimper en tête;

∎ if you lead, I'll follow allez-y, je vous suis

(e) British Press

∎ to lead with sth mettre qch à la une;

∎ the 'Times' led with news of the plane hijack le détournement d'avion faisait la une ou était en première page du 'Times'

(f) Boxing

∎ he leads with his right il attaque toujours du droit ou de la droite

(g) (in dancing) conduire

(h) Law être l'avocat principal;

∎ he led for the prosecution il dirigea l'accusation en tant qu'avocat principal

4 adjective

(actor, singer) principal, premier; Press (article) de tête

►► Commerce leads and lags termaillage m;

Banking & Stock Exchange lead manager (banque f) chef m de file;

lead time Industry délai m de préparation; Commerce délai m de livraison;

Marketing lead user utilisateur(trice) m,f pilote

➲ lead away separable transitive verb

emmener;

∎ the guards led him away les gardes l'ont emmené;

∎ he led her away from the scene of the accident il l'éloigna du lieu de l'accident

➲ lead back

1 separable transitive verb

ramener, reconduire;

∎ they led him back to his room ils l'ont ramené ou reconduit à sa chambre;

∎ she led the conversation back to the question of money elle a ramené la conversation sur la question de l'argent

2 intransitive verb

∎ this path leads back to the beach ce chemin ramène à la plage

➲ lead off

1 intransitive verb

(in conversation) commencer, débuter; (in debate) entamer les débats; (in game) jouer le(la) premier(ère); (at dance) ouvrir le bal; (in relay race) être le premier relayeur

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (begin) commencer, entamer

(b) (go from) partir de;

∎ several avenues lead off the square plusieurs avenues partent de la place

3 separable transitive verb

(person) conduire;

∎ they were led off to jail ils ont été conduits ou emmenés en prison

➲ lead on

1 intransitive verb

aller ou marcher devant;

∎ lead on! allez-y!

2 separable transitive verb

(a) (trick)

∎ to lead sb on faire marcher qn;

∎ you shouldn't lead him on like that vous ne devriez pas le faire marcher comme ça

(b) (bring on) faire entrer;

∎ lead on the horses! faites entrer les chevaux!

(c) (in progression) amener;

∎ this leads me on to my second point ceci m'amène à mon deuxième point

➲ lead to inseparable transitive verb

(result in, have as consequence) mener ou aboutir à;

∎ what's all this leading to? sur quoi tout ceci va-t-il déboucher?;

∎ the decision led to panic on Wall Street la décision a semé la panique à Wall Street;

∎ one thing led to another une chose en amenait une autre;

∎ a course leading to a degree un cursus qui débouche sur un diplôme;

∎ several factors led to his decision to leave plusieurs facteurs le poussèrent ou l'amenèrent à décider de partir;

∎ this led to several of them losing their jobs à cause de cela, plusieurs d'entre eux ont perdu leur emploi;

∎ drinking too much can lead to violence l'excès d'alcool peut conduire à la violence;

∎ his statement led to a misunderstanding sa déclaration est à l'origine d'un malentendu;

∎ this could lead to some confusion ça pourrait provoquer une certaine confusion;

∎ her research led to nothing ses recherches n'ont abouti à rien ou n'ont rien donné

➲ lead up to inseparable transitive verb

(a) (path, road) conduire à, mener à;

∎ a narrow path led up to the house un étroit sentier menait jusqu'à la maison;

∎ those stairs lead up to the attic cet escalier mène au grenier

(b) (in reasoning)

∎ she's leading up to something je me demande où elle veut en venir;

∎ what are you leading up to? où voulez-vous en venir?;

∎ I was just leading up to that j'allais justement y venir

(c) (precede, cause)

∎ the events leading up to the war les événements qui devaient déclencher la guerre;

∎ in the months leading up to her death pendant les mois qui précédèrent sa mort;

∎ Music the chords that lead up to the final movement les accords qui introduisent le dernier mouvement

ⓘ Lead on, MacDuff Cette phrase ("après toi, MacDuff") est une déformation d'un vers de Macbeth de Shakespeare, dans un passage où Macbeth défie à l'épée son ennemi MacDuff en prononçant les mots lay on, MacDuff ("frappe, MacDuff"). On utilise la version modifiée de cette phrase de façon humoristique lorsque l'on demande à quelqu'un d'ouvrir la marche.

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > lead
12 come

1. past tense - came; verb
1) (to move etc towards the person speaking or writing, or towards the place being referred to by him: Come here!; Are you coming to the dance?; John has come to see me; Have any letters come for me?) venir

2) (to become near or close to something in time or space: Christmas is coming soon.) llegar

3) (to happen or be situated: The letter `d' comes between `c' and è' in the alphabet.) venir

4) ((often with to) to happen (by accident): How did you come to break your leg?) suceder

5) (to arrive at (a certain state etc): What are things coming to? We have come to an agreement.) llegar a

6) ((with to) (of numbers, prices etc) to amount (to): The total comes to 51.) subir a, ser

2. interjection
(expressing disapproval, drawing attention etc: Come, come! That was very rude of you!) ¡vamos!

- comer
- coming
- comeback
- comedown
- come about
- come across
- come along
- come by
- come down
- come into one's own
- come off
- come on
- come out
- come round
- come to
- come to light
- come upon
- come up with
- come what may
- to come

come vb venir

come here please ven aquí, por favor

A veces, come se traduce por ir

do you want to come with me? ¿quieres ir conmigo?

I'll come to see you tomorrow iré a verte mañana

to come home volver a casa

El pasado de come es came y el participio pasado es come; el gerundio se escribe coming

come

tr[kʌm]

intransitive verb (pt came tr[keɪm], pp come tr[kʌm], ger coming)

1 (gen) venir

■ you must come and visit us! ¡tienes que venir a visitarnos!

■ can you come to dinner on Saturday? ¿puedes venir a cenar el sábado?

■ come here a minute ven un momento

■ are you coming? ¿(te) vienes?

■ we came by plane vinimos en avión

■ I've come to read the meter vengo a mirar el contador

■ can I come with you? ¿puedo ir contigo?

■ coming! ¡ya voy!

2 (arrive) llegar

■ they still haven't come aún no han llegado

■ what time does he come home? ¿a qué hora llega a casa?

■ winter came early el invierno llegó temprano

■ Christmas is coming ya llega la Navidad

■ the time has come to decide ha llegado el momento de decidir

3 (occupy place, position) llegar

■ my horse came first mi caballo llegó el primero

■ my family comes first primero está mi familia

4 (reach) llegar

■ the water came up to our waist el agua nos llegaba a la cintura

■ his hair comes down to his shoulders el pelo le llega a los hombros

5 (happen) suceder

■ it came to pass that... sucedió que...

■ how did you come to live here? ¿cómo es que vives aquí?

6 (be available) venir, suministrarse

■ it comes in three sizes viene en tres tamaños

7 (become) hacerse

■ your laces have come undone se te han desatado los cordones

■ the picture's come unstuck el cuadro se ha despegado

■ the screw had come loose el tornillo se había aflojado

■ it'll all come right in the end todo saldrá bien al final

8 familiar (used with expressions of time) para

■ come next month para el mes que viene

9 slang (have orgasm) correrse

transitive verb

1 (behave, play the part) hacerse

■ don't come the innocent with me no te hagas el inocente conmigo

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

come again? ¿cómo?, ¿qué?

come off it! ¡venga ya!, ¡anda ya!

come what may pase lo que pase

to be as... as they come ser lo más... que hay

■ he's as silly as they come es lo más tonto que hay

to come (in the future) venidero,-a

■ in years to come en el futuro

to come a long way (progress) progresar mucho

to come and go ir y venir

■ I don't know if I'm coming or going estoy hecho un lío

■ fashions come and go las modas cambian

to come as a shock/surprise to somebody ser un susto/sorpresa para alguien

■ her death came as a shock to me to su muerte me sorprendió

to come clean confesar, cantar

to come down in the world venir a menos

to come down on somebody's side ponerse de parte de alguien

to come easily to somebody resultarle fácil a alguien

to come in handy / come in useful ser útil, resultar útil, venir bien

to come into being nacer, ver la luz

to come into fashion ponerse de moda

to come into force entrar en vigor

to come into the world nacer, ver la luz

to come of age llegar a la mayoría de edad

to come out in favour of something / come out against something declararse a favor de algo / declararse en contra de algo

to come to an end acabar, terminar, tocar a su fin

to come to nothing llegar a nada, quedar en nada, quedar en agua de borrajas

to come to one's senses (regain consciousness) volver en sí 2 (see sense) recobrar la razón

to come together (people) juntarse, reunirse 2 (ideas) cuajar

to come true hacerse realidad

to have it coming (to one) tenérselo merecido

to see something coming ver algo venir

to take life as it comes aceptar la vida tal y como se presenta

when it comes to... en cuanto a...

come ['kʌm] vi, came ['keɪm] ; come ; coming

1) approach: venir, aproximarse

here they come: acá vienen

2) arrive: venir, llegar, alcanzar

they came yesterday: vinieron ayer

3) originate: venir, provenir

this wine comes from France: este vino viene de Francia

4) amount: llegar, ascender

the investment came to two million: la inversión llegó a dos millones

5)

to come clean : confesar, desahogar la conciencia

6)

to come into acquire: adquirir

to come into a fortune: heredar una fortuna

7)

to come off succeed: tener éxito, ser un éxito

8)

to come out : salir, aparecer, publicarse

9)

to come to revive: recobrar el conocimiento, volver en sí

10)

to come to pass happen: acontecer

11)

to come to terms : llegar a un acuerdo

come

interj.

• ven interj.

• venga interj.

p.p.

(Participio pasivo de "to come")

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: came, come) = ir v.

(§pres: voy, vas...) subj: vay-, imp: ib-, pret: fu-•)

• llegar v.

• ocurrir v.

• provenir v.

(§pres: -vengo, -vienes...-venimos), pret: -vin-, fut: -vendr-•)

• venir v.

(§pres: vengo, vienes...venimos), pret: vin-, fut: vendr-•)

kʌm
1.

intransitive verb (past came; past p come)

1)

a) (advance, approach, travel) venir*

come here — ven (aquí)

have you come far? — ¿vienes de lejos?

as I was coming up/down the stairs — cuando subía/bajaba (por) las escaleras

we've come a long way since... — ( made much progress) hemos avanzado mucho desde que...; ( many things have happened) ha llovido mucho desde que...

he came running into the room — entró corriendo en la habitación

come (and) look at this — ven a ver esto

come and get it! — (colloq) a comer!

b) (be present, visit, accompany) venir*

can I come with you? — ¿puedo ir contigo?, ¿te puedo acompañar?

to come as something: Sue's coming as a clown — Sue va a venir (vestida) de payaso

2)

a) ( arrive)

what time are you coming? — ¿a qué hora vas a venir?

after a while, you'll come to a crossroads — al cabo de un rato, llegarás a un cruce

I'm coming, I won't be a moment — enseguida voy

to come about something — venir* por algo

to come for something/somebody — venir* a buscar algo/a alguien, venir* a por algo/alguien (Esp)

b)

to come and go — ir* y venir*

you can come and go as you please — puedes salir y entrar a tu antojo

she doesn't know whether she's coming or going — está hecha un lío (fam)

Presidents come and go, the problems remain the same — los presidentes cambian pero los problemas son siempre los mismos

three o'clock came and went and he still hadn't arrived — pasaron las tres y no llegaba

3)

a) (occur in time, context)

Christmas comes but once a year — sólo es Navidad una vez al año

Christmas is coming — ya llega la Navidad

this coming Friday — este viernes que viene

it came as a complete surprise — fue una sorpresa total

to take life as it comes — aceptar la vida tal (y) como se presenta

come what may — pase lo que pase

he had it coming (to him) — se lo tenía merecido

b) (as prep) para

I'll be tired out come Friday — estaré agotado para el viernes

c)

to come — ( in the future) (as adv)

in years to come — en años venideros, en el futuro

a taste of things to come — una muestra de lo que nos espera

the best is yet to come — todavía nos queda lo mejor

4) (extend, reach) (+ adv compl) llegar*

the water only came up to our knees — el agua sólo nos llegaba a las rodillas

5) ( be gained)

it'll come, just keep practicing — ya te va a salir or lo vas a lograr; sigue practicando

driving didn't come easily to me — aprender a manejar or (Esp) conducir no me fue or no me resultó fácil

6) (be available, obtainable) (+ adv compl) venir*

sugar comes in half-pound bags — el azúcar viene en paquetes de media libra

to come with something: the car comes with the job el coche te lo dan con el trabajo; it comes with instructions viene con or trae instrucciones; these watches don't come cheap estos relojes no son nada baratos; he's as silly as they come — es de lo más tonto que hay

7) (+ adv compl)

a) (in sequence, list, structure)

Cancer comes between Gemini and Leo — Cáncer está entre Géminis y Leo

b) (in race, competition) llegar*

to come first — ( in a race) llegar* el primero; ( in an exam) quedar or salir* el primero

c) ( be ranked) estar*

my children come first — primero están mis hijos

8)

a) ( become) (+ adj compl)

it's come loose — se ha aflojado

my dream has come true — mi sueño se ha hecho realidad

b) ( reach certain state)

to come to + inf — llegar* a + inf

how do you come to be here? — ¿cómo es que estás aquí?

I could have done it yesterday, come to think of it — lo podría haber hecho ayer, ahora que lo pienso

9) ( have orgasm) (colloq) venirse* or (Esp) correrse or (AmS) acabar (arg)

10) (in phrases)

come, come! — vamos, vamos!, dale! (CS fam)

come again? — (colloq) ¿qué? or (AmL fam) ¿qué qué?

how come? — (colloq) ¿cómo?

how come you didn't know? — ¿cómo es que no sabías?

2.

vt (BrE)

don't come the victim with me! — no te hagas la víctima conmigo

Phrasal Verbs:

- come about

- come across

- come after

- come along

- come apart

- come around

- come away

- come back

- come between

- come by

- come down

- come down to

- come down with

- come forward

- come from

- come home to

- come in

- come in for

- come into

- come of

- come off

- come on

- come on to

- come out

- come out in

- come out with

- come over

- come round

- come through

- come to

- come together

- come under

- come up

- come up against

- come up for

- come upon

- come up to

- come up with

[kʌm] (pt came) (pp come)
1. VI

1) (gen) venir; (=arrive) llegar

we have come to help you — hemos venido a ayudarte

when did he come? — ¿cuándo llegó?

they came late — llegaron tarde

the letter came this morning — la carta llegó esta mañana

(I'm) coming! — ¡voy!, ¡ya voy!

he came running/dashing etc in — entró corriendo/volando etc

the day/time will come when... — ya llegará el día/la hora (en) que...

it will be two years come March — en marzo hará dos años

a week come Monday — ocho días a partir del lunes

• we'll come after you — te seguiremos

• come and see us soon — ven a vernos pronto

• it may come as a surprise to you... — puede que te asombre or (LAm) extrañe...

it came as a shock to her — le afectó mucho

• to come for sth/sb — venir por or (LAm) pasar por algo/algn

• to come from — (=stem from) [word, custom] venir de, proceder de, provenir de; (=originate from) [person] ser de

she has just come from London — acaba de venir or (LAm) regresar de Londres

I come from Wigan — soy de Wigan

where do you come from? — ¿de dónde eres?

this necklace comes from Spain — este collar es de España

I don't know where you're coming from — (US) * no alcanzo a comprender la base de tu argumento

• to come and go — ir y venir

people were coming and going all day — la gente iba y venía todo el día

the pain comes and goes — el dolor va y viene

the picture comes and goes — (TV) un momento tenemos imagen y al siguiente no

• come home — ven a casa

• it never came into my mind — no pasó siquiera por mi mente

• we came to a village — llegamos a un pueblo

to come to a decision — llegar a una decisión

the water only came to her waist — el agua le llegaba solo hasta la cintura

it came to me that there was a better way to do it — se me ocurrió que había otra forma mejor de hacerlo

when it comes to choosing, I prefer wine — si tengo que elegir, prefiero vino

when it comes to mathematics... — en cuanto a or en lo que se refiere a las matemáticas...

• when your turn comes — cuando llegue tu turno

• they have come a long way — (lit) han venido desde muy lejos; (fig) han llegado muy lejos

• come with me — ven conmigo

2) (=have its place) venir

May comes before June — mayo viene antes de junio

it comes on the next page — viene en la pagina siguiente

work comes before pleasure — primero el trabajo, luego la diversión

the adjective comes before the noun — el adjetivo precede al sustantivo

he came third — llego en tercer lugar

3) (=happen) pasar, ocurrir

recovery came slowly — la recuperación fue lenta

• how does this chair come to be broken? — ¿cómo es que esta silla está rota?

• how come? * — ¿cómo es eso?, ¿cómo así?, ¿por qué?

how come you don't know? * — ¿cómo es que no lo sabes?

• no good will come of it — de eso no saldrá nada bueno

nothing came of it — todo quedó en nada

that's what comes of being careless — eso es lo que pasa or ocurre por la falta de cuidado

• no harm will come to him — no le pasará nada

• come what may — pase lo que pase

4) (=be, become)

I have come to like her — ha llegado a caerme bien

I came to think it was all my fault — llegué a la conclusión de que era culpa mía

now I come to think of it — ahora que lo pienso, pensándolo bien

it came to pass that... — liter aconteció que...

• those shoes come in two colours — esos zapatos vienen en dos colores

• the button has come loose — el botón se ha soltado

• it comes naturally to him — lo hace sin esfuerzo, no le cuesta nada hacerlo

• it'll all come right in the end — al final, todo se arreglará

• my dreams came true — mis sueños se hicieron realidad

5) ** (=have orgasm) correrse (Sp) ***, acabar (LAm) ***

6) (in phrases)

• come again? * — ¿cómo (dice)?

• he's as good as they come — es bueno como él solo

he's as stupid as they come — es tonto de remate

I like my tea just as it comes — me gusta el té hecho de cualquier modo

• they don't come any better than that — mejores no los hay

• to come between two people — (=interfere) meterse or entrometerse entre dos personas; (=separate) separar a dos personas

nothing can come between us — no hay nada que sea capaz de separarnos

• cars like that don't come cheap — los coches así no son baratos

• come, come! — ¡vamos!

• the new ruling comes into force next year — la nueva ley entra en vigor el año que viene

• I don't know whether I'm coming or going — no sé lo que me hago

• he had it coming to him * — se lo tenía bien merecido

• if it comes to it — llegado el caso

• oh, come now! — ¡vamos!

• I could see it coming — lo veía venir

• come to that... — si vamos a eso...

• in (the) years to come — en los años venideros

2.

VT

don't come that game with me! * — ¡no me vengas con esos cuentos!

that's coming it a bit strong — eso me parece algo exagerado, no es para tanto

- come about

- come across

- come across with

- come along

- come apart

- come around

- come at

- come away

- come back

- come before

- come by

- come down

- come down with

- come forward

- come in

- come into

- come of

- come off

- come on

- come on to

- come out

- come over

- come round

- come through

- come through with

- come to

- come together

- come under

- come up

- come up against

- come upon

- come up to

- come up with
COME, GO Although c ome and venir usually imply motion towards the speaker while go and ir imply motion away from them, there are some differences between the two languages. In English we sometimes describe movement as if from the other person's perspective. In Spanish, this is not the case. ► For example when someone calls you:
I'm coming Ya voy ► Making arrangements over the phone or in a letter:
I'll come and pick you up at four Iré a recogerte a las cuatro
Can I come too? ¿Puedo ir yo también?
Shall I come with you? ¿Voy contigo? ► So, use ir rather than venir when going towards someone else or when joining them to go on somewhere else. ► Compare:
Are you coming with us? (viewed from the speaker's perspective) ¿(Te) vienes con nosotros? For further uses and examples, see come, go
* * *
[kʌm]
1.

intransitive verb (past came; past p come)

1)

a) (advance, approach, travel) venir*

come here — ven (aquí)

have you come far? — ¿vienes de lejos?

as I was coming up/down the stairs — cuando subía/bajaba (por) las escaleras

we've come a long way since... — ( made much progress) hemos avanzado mucho desde que...; ( many things have happened) ha llovido mucho desde que...

he came running into the room — entró corriendo en la habitación

come (and) look at this — ven a ver esto

come and get it! — (colloq) a comer!

b) (be present, visit, accompany) venir*

can I come with you? — ¿puedo ir contigo?, ¿te puedo acompañar?

to come as something: Sue's coming as a clown — Sue va a venir (vestida) de payaso

2)

a) ( arrive)

what time are you coming? — ¿a qué hora vas a venir?

after a while, you'll come to a crossroads — al cabo de un rato, llegarás a un cruce

I'm coming, I won't be a moment — enseguida voy

to come about something — venir* por algo

to come for something/somebody — venir* a buscar algo/a alguien, venir* a por algo/alguien (Esp)

b)

to come and go — ir* y venir*

you can come and go as you please — puedes salir y entrar a tu antojo

she doesn't know whether she's coming or going — está hecha un lío (fam)

Presidents come and go, the problems remain the same — los presidentes cambian pero los problemas son siempre los mismos

three o'clock came and went and he still hadn't arrived — pasaron las tres y no llegaba

3)

a) (occur in time, context)

Christmas comes but once a year — sólo es Navidad una vez al año

Christmas is coming — ya llega la Navidad

this coming Friday — este viernes que viene

it came as a complete surprise — fue una sorpresa total

to take life as it comes — aceptar la vida tal (y) como se presenta

come what may — pase lo que pase

he had it coming (to him) — se lo tenía merecido

b) (as prep) para

I'll be tired out come Friday — estaré agotado para el viernes

c)

to come — ( in the future) (as adv)

in years to come — en años venideros, en el futuro

a taste of things to come — una muestra de lo que nos espera

the best is yet to come — todavía nos queda lo mejor

4) (extend, reach) (+ adv compl) llegar*

the water only came up to our knees — el agua sólo nos llegaba a las rodillas

5) ( be gained)

it'll come, just keep practicing — ya te va a salir or lo vas a lograr; sigue practicando

driving didn't come easily to me — aprender a manejar or (Esp) conducir no me fue or no me resultó fácil

6) (be available, obtainable) (+ adv compl) venir*

sugar comes in half-pound bags — el azúcar viene en paquetes de media libra

to come with something: the car comes with the job el coche te lo dan con el trabajo; it comes with instructions viene con or trae instrucciones; these watches don't come cheap estos relojes no son nada baratos; he's as silly as they come — es de lo más tonto que hay

7) (+ adv compl)

a) (in sequence, list, structure)

Cancer comes between Gemini and Leo — Cáncer está entre Géminis y Leo

b) (in race, competition) llegar*

to come first — ( in a race) llegar* el primero; ( in an exam) quedar or salir* el primero

c) ( be ranked) estar*

my children come first — primero están mis hijos

8)

a) ( become) (+ adj compl)

it's come loose — se ha aflojado

my dream has come true — mi sueño se ha hecho realidad

b) ( reach certain state)

to come to + inf — llegar* a + inf

how do you come to be here? — ¿cómo es que estás aquí?

I could have done it yesterday, come to think of it — lo podría haber hecho ayer, ahora que lo pienso

9) ( have orgasm) (colloq) venirse* or (Esp) correrse or (AmS) acabar (arg)

10) (in phrases)

come, come! — vamos, vamos!, dale! (CS fam)

come again? — (colloq) ¿qué? or (AmL fam) ¿qué qué?

how come? — (colloq) ¿cómo?

how come you didn't know? — ¿cómo es que no sabías?

2.

vt (BrE)

don't come the victim with me! — no te hagas la víctima conmigo

Phrasal Verbs:

- come about

- come across

- come after

- come along

- come apart

- come around

- come away

- come back

- come between

- come by

- come down

- come down to

- come down with

- come forward

- come from

- come home to

- come in

- come in for

- come into

- come of

- come off

- come on

- come on to

- come out

- come out in

- come out with

- come over

- come round

- come through

- come to

- come together

- come under

- come up

- come up against

- come up for

- come upon

- come up to

- come up with

English-spanish dictionary > come
13 lead

I.

lead¹ [li:d]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

2. adjective

3. transitive verb

4. intransitive verb

5. compounds

6. Phrasal Verbs

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► vb: pret, ptp led

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

   a. (Sport) to be in the lead (in match) mener ; (in race, league) être en tête

• to take the lead (in race) prendre la tête ; (in match, league) mener

• to have a three-point lead avoir trois points d'avance

• to have a two-minute/ten-metre lead over sb avoir deux minutes/dix mètres d'avance sur qn

   b. ( = initiative) to follow sb's lead suivre l'exemple de qn

• to give the lead montrer le chemin

• to give sb a lead montrer l'exemple à qn

• to take the lead in doing sth être le premier à faire qch

   c. ( = clue) piste f

• the police have a lead la police tient une piste

• the fingerprints gave them a lead les empreintes les ont mis sur la piste

   d. (in play, film) rôle m principal

• to play the lead tenir le rôle principal

• to sing the lead chanter le rôle principal

• male/female lead premier rôle m masculin/féminin

• juvenile lead jeune premier m

   e. ( = leash) laisse f

• dogs must be kept on a lead les chiens doivent être tenus en laisse

   f. ( = electrical flex) fil m

   g. ( = news article) article m à la une ; ( = editorial) éditorial m

• the financial crisis is the lead in this morning's papers ( = headlines) la crise financière fait les gros titres des journaux ce matin

2. adjective

• lead guitarist première guitare f

• lead vocalist (chanteur m ) leader m (chanteuse f ) leader f

3. transitive verb

   a. ( = show the way to) [+ person, horse] conduire (to à ) ; [+ procession, parade] être à la tête de

• to lead sb in/out/across faire entrer/sortir/traverser qn

• to lead sb into a room faire entrer qn dans une pièce

• the guide led them through the courtyard le guide leur a fait traverser la cour

• this leads me to an important point cela m'amène à un point important

► to lead the way ( = go ahead) aller devant ; ( = show the way) montrer le chemin

• he led the way to the garage il nous (or les etc) a menés jusqu'au garage

• will you lead the way? passez devant, nous vous suivons

   b. ( = be leader of) [+ government, team] être à la tête de ; [+ regiment] commander

   c. ( = be ahead of) they were leading us by 10 metres ils avaient une avance de 10 mètres sur nous

• to lead the field être en tête

• our country leads the world in textiles notre pays est le leader mondial dans le textile

   d. [+ life, existence] mener

• they lead a simple life ils mènent une vie simple

   e. ( = induce, bring) amener

• I am led to the conclusion that... je suis amené à conclure que...

► to lead sb to do sth

• he led me to believe that he would help me il m'a amené à croire qu'il m'aiderait

• what led you to think that? qu'est-ce qui vous a amené à penser ça ?

4. intransitive verb

   a. ( = be ahead) (in match) mener ; (in race) être en tête

• which horse is leading? quel est le cheval en tête ?

• to lead by half a length/three points avoir une demi-longueur/trois points d'avance

• to lead by four goals to three mener (par) quatre buts à trois

   b. ( = go ahead) aller devant ; ( = show the way) montrer le chemin

• you lead, I'll follow passez devant, je vous suis

   c. [dancer] mener

   d. [road, corridor, door] mener (to à)

• where is all this leading? (trend, events) où cela va-t-il nous mener ? ; (questions, reasoning) où veut-il (or voulez-vous etc) en venir ?

• the streets that lead into/from the square les rues qui débouchent sur/partent de la place

   e. ► to lead to

• it led to war cela a conduit à la guerre

• it led to his arrest cela a abouti à son arrestation

• it led to nothing ça n'a mené à rien

• it led to a change in his attitude cela a provoqué un changement dans son attitude

• one thing led to another and we... une chose en amenant une autre, nous...

5. compounds

► lead-in noun entrée f en matière

► lead-up noun préparation f ( to sth de qch)

6. Phrasal Verbs

► lead away separable transitive verb emmener

• he was led away by the soldiers il a été emmené par les soldats

• they led him away to the cells ils l'ont conduit en cellule► lead back separable transitive verb ramener

• they led us back to the office ils nous ont ramenés au bureau► lead off

1. intransitive verb

( = begin) commencer

2. inseparable transitive verb

[corridor, path] partir de

• a passage leading off the foyer un couloir qui part du foyer

• the rooms which lead off the corridor les pièces qui donnent sur le couloir

3. separable transitive verb

= lead away► lead on

1. intransitive verb

( = lead the way) marcher devant

2. separable transitive verb

( = tease) taquiner ; ( = fool) duper ; ( = raise hopes in) donner de faux espoirs à ; (sexually) allumer (inf)► lead up intransitive verb

   a. [path] conduire

• this road leads up to the castle cette route mène au château

• this staircase leads up to the roof cet escalier donne accès au toit

   b. ( = precede) précéder

• the years that led up to the war les années qui ont précédé la guerre

• the events that led up to the revolution les événements qui ont conduit à la révolution

   c. ( = lead on) what are you leading up to? où voulez-vous en venir ?

II.

lead² [led]

1. noun

   a. ( = metal) plomb m

• they pumped him full of lead (inf) ils l'ont criblé de balles

   b. [of pencil] mine f

2. adjective

[object, weight] en plomb

3. compounds

► lead-free adjective sans plomb

► lead pencil noun crayon m à papier

► lead poisoning noun saturnisme m

► lead replacement petrol noun ≈ super m

* * *
I 1. [liːd]
noun

1) ( winning position)

to be in the lead —

to have the lead — être en tête

to go into the lead —

to take the lead — passer en tête

2) ( amount by which one is winning) avance f ( over sur)

to have a lead of three points — avoir trois points d'avance

to increase one's lead — creuser l'écart (by de)

3) ( initiative)

to take the lead — prendre l'initiative

to take the lead in doing — être le premier/la première à faire

to follow somebody's lead — suivre l'exemple de quelqu'un

4) ( clue) piste f

5) Theatre, Cinema ( rôle) rôle m principal

6) ( in newspaper)

to be the lead — être à la une (colloq)

7) Electricity ( wire) fil m

8) GB ( for dog) laisse f
2.
noun modifier [ guitarist, guitar] premier/-ière (before n); [ role, singer] principal
3.
transitive verb (prét, pp led)

1) (guide, escort) mener, conduire [person] ( to something à quelque chose; to somebody auprès de quelqu'un; out of hors de; through à travers)

to lead somebody away — éloigner quelqu'un ( from de)

to lead somebody across the road — faire traverser la rue à quelqu'un

2) ( bring) [path, sign, smell] mener [person] (to à)

to lead somebody to do — amener quelqu'un à faire

he led me to expect that... — d'après ce qu'il m'avait dit je m'attendais à ce que (+ subj)

everything leads me to conclude that — tout me porte à conclure que

to be easily led — être très influençable

this leads me to my main point — ceci m'amène à mon sujet principal

3) ( be leader of) mener [army, team, attack, strike, procession]; diriger [orchestra, research]

to lead a congregation in prayer — entonner les prières

4) Sport, Commerce ( be ahead of) avoir une avance sur [rival, team]

to lead the world — être au premier rang mondial

to lead the field — (in commerce, research) être le plus avancé; ( in race) mener, être en tête

to lead the market — être le leader du marché

5) (conduct, have) mener [active life]

to lead a life of luxury — vivre dans le luxe
4.
intransitive verb (prét, pp led)

1) (go, be directed)

to lead to — [path] mener à; [door] s'ouvrir sur; [exit, trapdoor] donner accès à

2) ( result in)

to lead to — entraîner [complication, discovery, accident, response]

it was bound to lead to trouble — ça devait mal finir

one thing led to another, and we... — de fil en aiguille, nous...

3) ( be ahead) [runner, car, company] être en tête; [team, side] mener

to lead by 15 seconds — avoir 15 secondes d'avance

4) ( go first) (in walk, procession) aller devant; (in action, discussion) prendre l'initiative

5) ( in dancing) conduire

6) ( in newspaper)

to lead with — mettre [quelque chose] à la une (colloq) [story, headline]

7) ( in boxing)

to lead with one's left/right — attaquer de gauche/de droite

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- lead on

- lead up to

••

to lead the way — ( go first) passer devant; ( guide others) montrer le chemin; (be ahead, winning) être en tête

to lead the way in space research — être le numéro un dans le domaine de la recherche spatiale
II [led]
noun

1) ( metal) plomb m

red lead — minium m

2) (colloq) fig ( bullets) pruneaux (colloq) mpl

3) (also black lead) ( graphite) mine f de plomb; ( in pencil) mine f

4) ( of window) (baguette f de) plomb m

leads — ( of windows) plombure f [U]

5) GB ( for roofing) couverture f de plomb [U]

••

to fill ou pump somebody full of lead — (colloq) cribler quelqu'un de balles (colloq)

to get the lead out — (colloq) US ( stop loafing) se bouger; ( speed up) se grouiller (colloq)

to go over US ou down GB like a lead balloon — (colloq) tomber à plat (colloq)

English-French dictionary > lead
14 draw

draw

A n

1 ( raffle) tirage m (au sort) ; to win (sth in) a draw gagner (qch) dans une loterie ;

2 ( tie) ( in match) match m nul ; it was a draw ( in match) ils ont fait match nul ; ( in race) ils sont arrivés ex aequo ;

3 ( attraction) (person, film, event, place) attraction f ; Bob Dylan was the big draw Bob Dylan était la grande attraction ;

4 (on cigarette, pipe) bouffée f ;

5 US ( hand of cards) main f.

B vtr ( prét drew, pp drawn)

1 ( on paper etc) faire [picture, plan, portrait, sketch, cartoon] ; dessiner [person, face, object, diagram] ; tracer [line, circle, square] ; to draw a picture lit faire un dessin, dessiner ; to draw (a picture of) a boat dessiner un bateau ; to draw a map ( giving directions) faire un plan ; ( in school) dessiner une carte ; to draw sb sth, to draw sth for sb faire qch à qn [picture, plan, cartoon, sketch] ; dessiner qch à qn [person, face, object, diagram] ;

2 fig dépeindre [character, picture] ; faire [analogy, comparison, distinction, parallel] ;

3 ( pull) [animal, car, engine] tirer [object, cart, rope, plough] ; [machine, suction] aspirer [liquid, gas] ; to draw a plough along tirer une charrue ; the water is drawn along the pipe l'eau est aspirée dans le tuyau ; I drew the book towards me j'ai tiré le livre vers moi ; he drew the child towards him il a attiré l'enfant vers lui ; to draw a bolt/the curtains tirer un verrou/les rideaux ; I drew the string as tight as I could j'ai tiré sur la ficelle aussi fort que j'ai pu ; she drew a ten pound note from her purse elle a tiré un billet de dix livres de son porte-monnaie ; he drew his finger along the shelf il a passé un doigt sur l'étagère ; to draw a handkerchief across one's forehead/a comb through ones' hair se passer un mouchoir sur le front/un peigne dans les cheveux ; she drew his arm through hers elle a passé son bras sous le sien ; she drew her shawl round her shoulders elle a resserré son châle autour de ses épaules ; to draw water from a well tirer de l'eau d'un puits ; to draw a pint of beer ≈ tirer un demi-litre de bière à la pression ; to draw blood lit provoquer un saignement ; to draw a bow bander un arc ;

4 ( derive) tirer [conclusion] (from de) ; I drew comfort from the fact that/from doing cela m'a un peu réconforté de savoir que/de faire ; to draw a lesson/a moral from sth tirer une leçon/une morale de qch ; to draw inspiration from sth puiser de l'inspiration dans qch ; he drew hope/encouragement from this cela lui a donné de l'espoir/du courage ; to be drawn from [energy, information] provenir de ; his friends/our readers are drawn from all walks of life ses amis/nos lecteurs viennent de tous les horizons ;

5 ( cause to talk) faire parler [person] (about, on de) ; I'd hoped she'd tell me, but she wouldn't be drawn ou she refused to be drawn j'avais espéré qu'elle me le dirait, mais elle a refusé de parler ; to draw sth from ou out of sb obtenir qch de qn [information] ; faire dire or arracher qch à qn [truth] ; she drew tears of laughter from the audience elle a fait rire son public aux larmes ; I managed to draw a smile from him j'ai réussi à lui arracher un sourire ;

6 ( attract) [person, event, film] attirer [crowd, person] (to vers) ; susciter [reaction, criticism, praise, interest] ; the idea drew much criticism from both sides/from the experts l'idée a suscité de nombreuses critiques des deux côtés/chez les experts ; the course draws students from all over the world le cours attire des étudiants du monde entier ; his speech drew great applause son discours a soulevé des applaudissements ; to draw sb's attention to sth attirer l'attention de qn sur qch ; to draw attention to oneself attirer l'attention sur soi ; to feel drawn to sb se sentir attiré vers qn ; to draw sb to attirer qn vers [person, religion] ; pousser qn vers [profession] ; the sound of the explosion drew her to the window le bruit de l'explosion l'a attirée à la fenêtre ; to draw sb into mêler qn à [conversation] ; entraîner qn dans [argument, battle] ; I'm not going to be drawn into an argument with you je ne vais pas me laisser entraîner dans une dispute avec toi ; they were drawn together by their love of animals leur amour des animaux les a rapprochés ; to draw the enemy fire offrir un cible au feu ennemi ; I'll draw their fire je ferai diversion ;

7 Fin ( take out) retirer [money] (from de) ; tirer [cheque, bill of exchange, promissory note] (on sur) ; ( receive) toucher [wages, pension] ;

8 Games ( choose at random) tirer [qch] au sort [name, ticket, winner] ; they asked him to draw the winner (out of the hat) ils lui ont demandé de tirer au sort le gagnant ; to draw a winning ticket [competitor] tirer un billet gagnant ; Italy has been drawn against Spain ou to play Spain le tirage au sort a désigné l'Italie comme adversaire de l'Espagne ; Jones drew Smith in the first round le tirage au sort a désigné Smith comme adversaire de Jones au premier tour ;

9 Sport to draw a match faire match nul ;

10 (remove, pull out) extraire [tooth] ; retirer, enlever [thorn, splinter, sting] (from de) ; retirer [cork] (from de) ; dégainer, sortir [sword, dagger] ; sortir [knife, gun] ; tirer [card] ; to draw a gun on sb sortir un pistolet et le braquer sur qn ; to draw a knife on sb sortir un couteau pour en menacer qn ; with drawn sword l'épée dégainée ;

11 ( disembowel) vider [chicken, turkey, goose] ; Hist étriper [prisoner] ;

12 Hunt suivre la voie de [animal] ;

13 Games to draw trumps tirer ses atouts ;

14 Tech étirer [wire, metal, glass] ;

15 Naut the ship draws six metres le navire a un tirant d'eau de six mètres ;

16 † ( run) faire couler [bath].

C vi ( prét drew, pp drawn)

1 ( make picture) dessiner ; he draws very well il dessine très bien ; to draw round ou around sth dessiner en suivant les contours de [hand, template] ;

2 ( move) to draw ahead (of sth/sb) lit [vehicle, person] gagner du terrain (sur qch/qn) ; fig [person, company] prendre de l'avance (sur qch/qn) ; to draw alongside [boat] accoster ; the car drew alongside the lorry la voiture s'est mise à côté du camion ; to draw close ou near [time, date, ordeal] approcher ; the time/day is drawing close when… l'heure/le jour approche où… ; they drew nearer to listen ils se sont rapprochés pour écouter ; to draw into [bus] arriver à [station] ; the train drew into the station le train est entré en gare ; to draw level se retrouver au même niveau ; to draw level with the other athletes ( in score) se retrouver au même niveau que les autres athlètes ; ( in race) rattraper les autres athlètes ; to draw over [vehicle] ( stop) se ranger ; ( still moving) se rabattre vers le bas-côté ; the lorry drew over to the right-hand side of the road le camion s'est rangé sur la voie de droite ; to draw to one side [person] s'écarter ; to draw round ou around [people] se rassembler ; they drew round the teacher ils se sont rassemblés autour du professeur ; to draw to a halt s'arrêter ; to draw to a close ou an end [day, event, life] toucher à sa fin ;

3 gen, Sport ( in match) [teams] faire match nul ; ( finish at same time in race) [runners, racers] arriver ex aequo ; (finish equal, with same points) se retrouver ex aequo ; they drew for second place ils sont arrivés deuxièmes ex aequo ; X drew with Y ( in match) X a fait match nul avec Y ; ( in race) X est arrivé ex aequo avec Y ;

4 ( choose at random) to draw for sth tirer qch (au sort) ; they drew for partners ils ont tiré leurs partenaires (au sort) ;

5 [chimney, pipe] tirer ; [pump, vacuum cleaner] aspirer ; to draw on ou at one's pipe/cigarette tirer sur sa pipe/sa cigarette ;

6 [tea] infuser.

Idioms

to be quick/slow on the draw ○ ( in understanding) avoir l'esprit vif/lent ; ( in replying) avoir/ne pas avoir la repartie facile ; [cowboy] dégainer/ne pas dégainer vite ; to beat sb to the draw [rival, competitor] devancer qn ; [cowboy] dégainer plus vite que qn ; to draw the line fixer des limites ; you've got to draw the line somewhere il faut savoir fixer des limites ; to draw the line at doing se refuser à faire ; she drew the line at blackmail elle se refusait à faire du chantage ; I draw the line at violence je n'irai pas jusqu'à la violence ; the union agreed to longer working hours but drew the line at wage cuts le syndicat a accepté une augmentation des heures de travail mais a refusé une baisse des salaires.

Phrasal verbs

■ draw apart:

▶ draw apart [two people] se séparer ; the land masses drew apart les masses de terre se sont éloignées les unes des autres.

■ draw aside:

▶ draw [sth] aside, draw aside [sth] écarter [curtain, screen, object] ;

▶ draw [sb] aside prendre qn à part.

■ draw away:

▶ draw away [vehicle, train, person] ( move off) s'éloigner (from de) ; ( move ahead) prendre de l'avance (from sur) ; [person] (move away, recoil) avoir un mouvement de recul ;

▶ draw [sth] away, draw away [sth] retirer [hand, foot] ; draw the chair away from the fire éloigne la chaise du feu ;

▶ draw [sb] away from éloigner qn de [fire, scene] ; distraire qn de [book, task].

■ draw back:

▶ draw back (move back, recoil) reculer ;

▶ draw [sth] back, draw back [sth] ouvrir [curtains] ; [person] retirer [hand, foot] ;

▶ draw [sb] back, draw back [sb] faire revenir [person] ; the company will have difficulty drawing its customers back la société aura du mal à récupérer ses clients.

■ draw down:

▶ draw [sth] down, draw down [sth] baisser [blind, screen, veil].

■ draw in:

▶ draw in

1 [days] raccourcir ; the nights are drawing in les jours raccourcissent ;

2 ( arrive) [bus] arriver ; [train] entrer en gare ;

▶ draw [sth] in, draw in [sth]

1 gen, Art ( in picture) ajouter [background, detail] ;

2 tirer sur [reins, rope, lead] ; rentrer [stomach, claws] ;

3 ( suck in) [person] aspirer [air] ; [pump, machine] aspirer [liquid, gas, air] ; to draw in one's breath inspirer ;

4 ( attract) attirer [people, funds].

■ draw off:

▶ draw off [vehicle, train] partir ; [army] battre en retraite ;

▶ draw [sth] off, draw off [sth] tirer [beer, water] ; Med évacuer [fluid] ; retirer, ôter [gloves].

■ draw on:

▶ draw on ( approach) [time, date, season] approcher ; ( pass) [time] passer ; [evening, day, season] (s')avancer ;

▶ draw on [sth] puiser dans, exploiter [skills, strength, reserves, savings] ; in her novels she draws on childhood memories pour écrire ses romans elle s'inspire de ses souvenirs d'enfance ; the report draws on information from… le rapport tire des informations de… ; to draw on one's experience faire appel à son expérience ;

▶ draw on [sth], draw [sth] on enfiler [gloves, shoes, garment].

■ draw out:

▶ draw out

1 ( leave) [train, bus] partir ; the train drew out of the station le train a quitté la gare ; a car drew out in front of me une voiture a déboîté devant moi ;

2 ( get longer) [day, night] rallonger ; the nights are drawing out les jours rallongent ;

▶ draw [sth] out, draw out [sth]

1 gen tirer [handkerchief, purse, cigarette, knife] (from, out of de) ; retirer [splinter, nail, cork] (from, out of de) ; extraire [tooth] ; aspirer [liquid, air] ;

2 Fin retirer [cash, money, balance] ;

3 ( cause to last longer) faire durer [meeting, speech, meal] ; ( unnecessarily) faire traîner [meeting, speech, meal] ;

4 ( extract) obtenir [information, confession] ; ( using force) soutirer [information, confession] ; they managed to draw a confession out of him ils ont réussi à lui soutirer des aveux ;

5 Tech ( stretch) étirer [wire, thread, glass, metal] ;

▶ draw [sb] out ( make less shy) faire sortir [qn] de sa coquille ; I managed to draw him out of his silence j'ai réussi à le sortir de son silence ; I drew the old man out about the war j'ai fait parler le vieil homme de la guerre.

■ draw up:

▶ draw up [vehicle] s'arrêter ; [boat] accoster ;

▶ draw up [sth], draw [sth] up

1 établir [contract, criteria, budget, programme, proposals, questionnaire] ; dresser, établir [list, inventory, plan] ; rédiger, établir [report] ; faire [will] ;

2 ( pull upwards) hisser [bucket] ;

3 ( bring) approcher [chair, stool] (to de) ;

4 ( gather up) tirer sur [thread, drawstring] ;

▶ draw oneself up se redresser ; she drew herself up to her full height elle s'est redressée de toute sa hauteur.

Big English-French dictionary > draw
15 lead

1. I
abs

1) I'll lead, you must follow me я пойду первым /впереди/, ты должен идти /следовать/ за мной; who is going to lead? кто поведет /пойдет первым/?

2) this candidate leads этот кандидат впереди /обогнал, обошел своих соперников/; as a teacher he leads он лучше всех других учителей
2. II
1) lead somewhere lead inward (downward, upward, etc.) вести /идти/ вовнутрь и т. д., lead back приводить обратно, веста назад; this road leads back to the village эта дорога ведет обратно в деревню; this passage leads nowhere этот проход никуда не ведет, это lead тупик; where does this road lead? куда ведет эта дорога?, all your tricks will lead nowhere все ваши уловки ни к чему не приведут

2) lead at some time our candidate appeared to be leading from the first казалось, что с самого начала большинство поддерживало нашего кандидата
3. III
1) lead smth., smb. lead a demonstration (a procession, a regiment, etc.) идти впереди /во главе/ демонстрации и т. д.; he led the platoon он шел впереди /во главе/ взвода, он вел за собой взвод; lead a blind man вести /быть поводырем у/ слепого; lead a horse вести лошадь на поводу; lead the fashion быть законодателем моды; lead the way идти впереди, указывать дорогу; who will lead the way? кто нас поведет?

2) lead smb., smth. lead a youth organization (an expedition, an excursion, a party, the struggle for peace, a strike, a mutiny, etc.) возглавлять молодежную организацию и т.д., руководить молодежной организацией и т. д.; lead an orchestra дирижировать оркестром; lead a choir руководить хором; lead an army командовать армией

3) lead smth. lead a quiet (happy, good, moral, double, etc.) life веста спокойную и т. д. жизнь; he led a miserable existence он влачил жалкое существование
4. IV
lead smb. somewhere lead smb. upstairs (downstairs, home, etc.) вести /провести, проводить/ кого-л. наверх и т. д.; lead smb. back приводить кого-л. обратно; this leads us back to my first point это нас возвращает к тому, что я сказал вначале || lead smb. astray сбить кого-л. с правильного пути; our guide led us astray наш проводник сбился с пути [, и мы заблудились], наш проводник завел нас не туда; he led her astray он сбил ее с пути истинного
5. V
lead smb. smth. lead smb. a merry life (a dog's life /the life of a dog/, a sad life, etc.) устроить /создать/ кому-л. веселую жизнь и т. д. || lead smb. a (pretty) dance водить кого-л. за нос, заставлять кого-л. мучиться
6. VII
lead smb. to do smth. lead smb. to agree (to leave one's country, to refuse, to look again, etc.) заставить кого-л. согласиться и т. д., fear led him to tell lies страх заставил его лгать; compunction may lead you to better your conduct раскаяние может заставить вас вести себя лучше; the report led me to alter my decision доклад заставил меня изменить решение; his behaviour led me to conclude that... из его поведения я заключил, что...
7. XI
1) be led somewhere we were led into a room нас провели в комнату; be fed to smth. we are led to another conclusion нас это приводит к другим выводам || be led astray оказаться сбитым с прямого пути; the boy was led astray by evil companions мальчика сбили с пути [истинного] дурные товарищи

2) be fed he may be led его можно уговорить /склонить на свою сторону/; be led to do smth. I am led to agree with you я склонен согласиться с вами; I have been led to believe that... мне дали понять, что...; be led in some manner some people are (not) easily led есть люди, которые /некоторые люди/ легко (нелегко) поддаются влиянию; you are too easily led ты слишком податлив
8. XVI
1) lead to (through, out of, into, etc.) smth. lead to the room (to the river, to the village, through the forest, to the left, out of the hall, to the town of N, across the river, etc.) вести /привести/ в комнату и т.д., this staircase leads to the attic эта лестница ведет на чердак; this path leads into the garden эта дорожка ведет в сад

2) lead to smth. lead to serious consequences (to misunderstanding, to the conclusion that..., to arguments, to disaster, to bankruptcy, etc.) приводить к серьезным последствиям и т. д., it led to nothing это ни к чему не привело; one thing leads to another одно цепляется за другое; this eventually led to a brilliant discovery в конечном итоге это привело к блестящему открытию

3) lead in smth. lead in coal production ( in oil production, in all the subjects, etc.) быть первым /занимать первое место/ по производству угля и т. д.; lead by smth. the big horse was leading by a length большая лошадь шла на корпус впереди; that cyclist is leading by 20 metres велосипедист оторвался от соперников /опережает соперников/ на двадцать метров; lead through smth. his horse led through the race его лошадь шла первой весь забег /вела забег/
9. XXI1
1) lead smb. (in)to (out of, across, etc.) smth. lead smb. into the house ввести кого-л. в дом; lead smb. out of the house (out of the forest, etc.) вывести кого-л. из дома и т. д.; lead smb. across the street перевести кого-л. через улицу /на другую сторону улицы/; lead smb. through a series of caves (through the forest, etc.) провести кого-л. через пещеры и т. д., Hannibal led his people (his army) over the Alps Ганнибал провел своих солдат (свою армию) через Альпы; the policeman led him to the station полицейский отвел его в участок; this path will lead you straight to the village эта тропинка приведет вас прямо в деревню; chance led him to London случай привел его в Лондон; lead smb. by smth. lead smb. by the hand (by the arm, etc.) вести кого-л. за руку и т. д., lead smb. by the rope тащить кого-л. на веревке; lead a horse by the bridle вести лошадь под уздцы; lead smb., smth. into smth. lead the party into the forest повести группу в лес

2) lead smb. into smth. lead smb. into arguments заставлять кого-л. вступать в споры; lead smb. into error вводить кого-л. в заблуждение; don't lead me into temptation не соблазняйте меня, не вводите меня в соблазн; lead smb. to smth. lead smb. to a conclusion (to a decision, to a resolution, etc.) приводить кого-л. к выводу /к заключению/ и т. д.

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > lead
16 jump

1. noun
1) Sprung, der

always be one jump ahead of somebody — jemandem immer um eine Nasenlänge voraus sein (ugs.)

2) (sudden transition) Sprung, der; sprunghafter Wechsel; (gap) Lücke, die

3) (abrupt rise) sprunghafter Anstieg

jump in value/temperature — plötzliche Wertsteigerung/plötzlicher Temperaturanstieg

4) (Parachuting) Absprung, der
2. intransitive verb
1) springen; [Fallschirmspringer:] abspringen

jump to one's feet/from one's seat — aufspringen/vom Sitz aufspringen

2)

jump to — (reach overhastily) voreilig gelangen zu [Annahme, Lösung]

jump to conclusions — voreilige Schlüsse ziehen

3) (make sudden movement) springen; (start) zusammenzucken

jump for joy — einen Freudensprung/Freudensprünge machen

4) (rise suddenly) [Kosten, Preise usw.:] sprunghaft steigen, in die Höhe schnellen

5)

jump to it — (coll.) zupacken

jump to it! — (coll.) mach/macht schon!
3. transitive verb
1) springen über (+ Akk.); überspringen [Mauer, Zaun usw.]

2) (move to point beyond) überspringen

3) (not stop at) überfahren [rote Ampel]

jump the lights — bei Rot [durch]fahren

4)

jump the rails or track — [Zug:] entgleisen

5)

jump ship — [Seemann:] [unter Bruch des Heuervertrages vorzeitig] den Dienst quittieren

6)

jump the queue — (Brit.) sich vordrängeln

7) (skip over) überspringen [Seite, Kapitel usw.]

8) (attack) herfallen über (+ Akk.)

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/120195/jump_about">jump about

- jump at

- jump in

- jump off

- jump on

- jump out

- jump up

* * *
1. verb
1) (to (cause to) go quickly off the ground with a springing movement: He jumped off the wall / across the puddle / over the fallen tree / into the swimming-pool; Don't jump the horse over that fence!)

2) (to rise; to move quickly (upwards): She jumped to her feet; He jumped into the car.) springen

3) (to make a startled movement: The noise made me jump.) hochfahren

4) (to pass over (a gap etc) by bounding: He jumped the stream easily.) springen über
2. noun
1) (an act of jumping: She crossed the stream in one jump.) der Sprung

2) (an obstacle to be jumped over: Her horse fell at the third jump.) die Hürde

3) (a jumping competition: the high jump.) der (Hoch-)Sprung

4) (a startled movement: She gave a jump when the door suddenly banged shut.) das Aufschrecken

5) (a sudden rise, eg in prices: There has been a jump in the price of potatoes.) plötzlicher Anstieg

•

- jumpy
- jump at
- jump for joy
- jump on
- jump the gun
- jump the queue
- jump to conclusions / jump to the conclusion that
- jump to it
* * *

jump

[ʤʌmp]

I. n

1. (leap) Sprung m, Satz m; SPORT Hoch-/Weitsprung m

to make [or take] a \jump einen Sprung [o Satz] machen

parachute \jump Fallschirmabsprung m

2. ( fig: rise) Sprung m; of prices, temperatures, value [sprunghafter] Anstieg; of profits [sprunghafte] Steigerung

the \jump from the junior to the senior team der Sprung von der Jugend- in die Erwachsenenmannschaft

to take a sudden \jump prices, temperatures, value sprunghaft ansteigen

3. (step) Schritt m; (head start) Vorsprung m

to be one \jump ahead of the competition der Konkurrenz einen Schritt [o eine Nasenlänge] voraus sein

to get/have the \jump on sb AM ( fam) sich dat einen Vorsprung vor jdm verschaffen/jdm gegenüber im Vorteil sein

4. (shock) [nervöse] Zuckung

to give a \jump zusammenfahren, zusammenzucken

to wake up with a \jump aus dem Schlaf hochfahren

5. (hurdle) Hindernis nt

6. pl ( fam: nervousness)

to give sb the \jumps jdn ganz zappelig [o NORDD hibbelig] machen fam

to have [got] the \jumps ganz fahrig [o fam zappelig] [o fam hibbelig] sein NORDD

7. AM ( vulg sl: sex) Fick m vulg

II. vi

1. (leap) springen

to \jump to sb's defence ( fig) jdm zur Seite springen

to \jump to one's feet plötzlich aufstehen, aufspringen

to \jump up and down herumspringen fam, herumhüpfen fam

▪ to \jump in[to] sth car, water in etw akk [hinein]springen

to \jump into bed with sb ( fig fam) mit jdm ins Bett springen fam

2. (rise) sprunghaft ansteigen, in die Höhe schnellen

to \jump by 70% einen Sprung um 70 % machen

to \jump from £50 to £70 von 50 auf 70 Pfund schnellen

3. ( fig: change) springen

the film keeps \jumping back to when she was a child der Film macht immer wieder einen Sprung zurück in ihre Kindheit

he kept \jumping from one thing to another er blieb nie bei der Sache

4. (be startled) einen Satz machen

to make sb \jump jdn erschrecken [o aufschrecken]

oh, you made me \jump! huch, hast du mich vielleicht erschreckt!

5. BRIT, AUS ( fig fam)

to \jump up and down [about sth] (be annoyed) sich akk maßlos [wegen einer S. gen] aufregen

to \jump on [or all over] sb (criticize) jdn [aus nichtigem Anlass] abkanzeln fam [o sl heruntermachen

6.

▶ to \jump to conclusions voreilige [o vorschnelle] Schlüsse ziehen

▶ go [and] \jump in the lake! ( fam) geh [o scher dich] zum Teufel! sl

▶ to \jump for joy einen Freudensprung machen; heart vor Freude hüpfen

▶ to \jump out of one's skin ( fam) zu Tode erschrecken

▶ to \jump down sb's throat ( fam: address) jdn [heftig] anfahren [o pej fam anblaffen] [o SÜDD, SCHWEIZ, ÖSTERR anmotzen]; (answer) jdm über den Mund fahren fam

▶ to be really \jumping ( approv fam)

the place was really \jumping da war schwer was los sl

III. vt

1. (leap over)

▪ to \jump sth etw überspringen, über etw akk springen

the horse \jumped a clear round das Pferd hat alle Hindernisse fehlerfrei übersprungen

to \jump the rails [or track] aus den Schienen springen, entgleisen

2. (skip)

▪ to \jump sth line, page, stage etw überspringen

3. esp AM ( fam: attack)

▪ to \jump sb über jdn herfallen, jdn überfallen

4. (disregard)

▪ to \jump sth etw missachten

to \jump bail AM ( fam) die Kaution sausenlassen [und sich akk verdrücken] fam

to \jump the [traffic] lights [or a light] ( fam) eine Ampel überfahren

to \jump a/the queue BRIT, AUS sich akk vordrängeln fam; ( fig) aus der Reihe tanzen fam

5. AM ( vulg sl: have sex)

▪ to \jump sb jdn bumsen derb

6.

▶ to \jump the gun ( fam) vorpreschen, überstürzt handeln; SPORT einen Fehlstart verursachen

▶ to \jump ship politician, unionist das sinkende Schiff verlassen; NAUT sailor sich akk [unter Bruch des Heuervertrags] absetzen; passenger vorzeitig von Bord gehen

▶ to \jump to it ( fam) sich akk ranhalten fam, hinmachen DIAL

* * *
[dZʌmp]
1. n

1) (lit) Sprung m; (with parachute) Absprung m; (on race-course) Hindernis nt

this horse is no good over the jumps — dieses Pferd taugt bei den Hindernissen nichts

2) (fig) (of prices) (plötzlicher or sprunghafter) Anstieg; (in narrative) Sprung m, abrupter Übergang

to take a sudden jump (prices, temperature) — ruckartig or sprunghaft ansteigen (to auf +acc ),

a 5% jump in the number of unemployed people — ein 5%iger Anstieg der Arbeitslosenziffern

it's a big jump from medical student to doctor — es ist ein großer Sprung vom Medizinstudenten zum Arzt

he's always one jump ahead — er ist immer einen Schritt voraus

you can take a running jump ( Brit inf ) — das kannst du vergessen

3)

(= start) to give a jump — zusammenfahren

my heart gave a jump — mein Herz machte einen Sprung

4) (esp US inf)

to get a or the jump on sb/sth — jdm/etw gegenüber im Vorteil sein

to give sb a or the jump on sb/sth — jdm einen Vorsprung vor jdm/etw verschaffen

2. vi

1) (= leap) springen, einen Satz machen; (SPORT) springen; (parachutist) (ab)springen

to jump into a river — in einen Fluss springen

this horse jumps well — dieses Pferd springt gut or nimmt die Hindernisse gut

to jump for joy — einen Freudensprung machen; (heart) vor Freude hüpfen

to jump to one's feet — aufspringen

to jump up and down on the spot —

they jumped up and down on his stomach — sie hüpften auf seinem Bauch herum

they're jumping up and down about it (fig) — sie regen sich furchtbar darüber auf

to jump to conclusions — vorschnelle Schlüsse ziehen

2) (typewriter) Buchstaben überspringen or auslassen

3) (fig) springen, unvermittelt übergehen; (prices, shares) in die Höhe schnellen, sprunghaft ansteigen

jump to it! — los schon!, mach schon!

the film suddenly jumps from the 18th into the 20th century — der Film macht plötzlich einen Sprung vom 18. ins 20. Jahrhundert

her salary jumped from £15,000 to £22,000 — ihr Gehalt schnellte von £ 15.000 auf £ 22.000

if you keep jumping from one thing to another — wenn Sie nie an einer Sache bleiben

she jumped from kitchen assistant to chef — sie stieg plötzlich von der Küchenhilfe zur Köchin auf

let's offer £200 and see which way they jump (inf) — machen wir ihnen doch (einfach) ein Angebot von £ 200 und sehen dann, wie sie darauf reagieren

4) (= start) zusammenfahren, zusammenzucken

the shout made him jump — er zuckte or fuhr bei dem Schrei zusammen

you made me jump — du hast mich (aber) erschreckt

his heart jumped when... — sein Herz machte einen Satz, als...

3. vt

1) ditch, fence etc überspringen, hinüberspringen über (+acc)

the horse jumped a clear round — das Pferd sprang eine fehlerfreie Runde

he jumped two metres — er hat zwei Meter übersprungen

2) horse springen lassen

he jumped his horse over the fence — er setzte mit seinem Pferd über den Zaun

3) (= skip) überspringen, auslassen

4) (pick-up) groove überspringen

to jump the rails (train) — entgleisen

to jump a man (Draughts) — einen überspringen

5)

(inf usages) to jump bail (Jur) — abhauen (inf)

to jump a claim — einen schon bestehenden Anspruch (auf Land or Rechte) übergehen

to jump the lights or a red light — bei Rot rüberfahren (inf) or über die Kreuzung fahren

to jump the queue (Brit) — sich vordrängeln

to jump ship ( Naut, passenger ) — das Schiff vorzeitig verlassen; (sailor) heimlich abheuern; ( fig

they jumped a train to Acapulco — sie fuhren schwarz nach Acapulco

to jump sb — jdn überfallen

* * *

jump [dʒʌmp]

A s

1. Sprung m, Satz m:

make ( oder take) a jump einen Sprung machen;

by jumps fig sprungweise;

on the jump im Sprung;

be on the jump bes US umg auf Trab sein:

a) es eilig haben

b) viel zu tun haben;

keep sb on the jump bes US umg jemanden in Trab halten;

have the jump on sb umg jemandem voraus sein;

get the jump on sb umg jemandem zuvorkommen;

be one jump ahead (of) umg einen Schritt oder eine Nasenlänge voraus sein (dat);

win the jump (Fußball) am höchsten springen

2. (Fallschirm)Absprung m:

jump area (Ab)Sprunggebiet n

3. SPORT (Drei-, Hoch-, Ski-, Weit) Sprung m

4. Hindernis n:

take the jump

5. fig sprunghaftes Anwachsen, Emporschnellen n (der Preise etc):

jump in production rapider Produktionsanstieg

6. (plötzlicher) Ruck oder Stoß

7. Überspringen n (auch fig)

8. Damespiel: Schlagen n

9. → jump cut

10. (Zusammen)Zucken n, Auf-, Zusammenfahren n:

give a jump → B 4;

it gives me the jumps umg es macht mich ganz nervös oder unruhig;

have the jumps umg ganz nervös oder aufgeregt oder unruhig sein

11. umg

a) Fahrt f, besonders FLUG Flug m:

it’s only a short jump from London to Paris mit dem Flugzeug ist es nur ein Katzensprung von London nach Paris

b) besonders FLUG Abstecher m

12. a) Rückstoß m (einer Feuerwaffe)

b) MIL Abgangsfehler m (beim Schießen)

13. besonders Br vulg Nummer f (Geschlechtsverkehr):

have a jump eine Nummer machen oder schieben

B v/i

1. springen:

jump clear of sth von etwas wegspringen;

jump at

a) SPORT einen Gegenspieler anspringen,

b) fig sich stürzen auf (akk);

jump at the chance mit beiden Händen zugreifen, sofort zupacken;

jump at the idea den Gedanken sofort aufgreifen;

jump down sb’s throat umg jemanden anfahren oder anschnauzen;

go jump in the lake! bes Br umg

a) ach, hau doch ab!,

b) du kannst mich mal!;

jump off

a) abspringen (von),

b) (Springreiten) das Stechen bestreiten;

jump on sb umg

a) über jemanden herfallen,

b) jemandem aufs Dach steigen;

jump out of one’s skin aus der Haut fahren;

jump all over sb US umg jemanden zur Schnecke machen;

jump to one’s feet auf-, hochspringen;

jump to it umg mit Schwung rangehen, zupacken;

jump up auf-, hochspringen; → conclusion 3, safety A 1

2. hüpfen, springen:

jump about ( oder around) herumhüpfen;

jump for joy Freudensprünge machen;

make hearts jump for joy die Herzen höherschlagen lassen

3. (mit dem Fallschirm) abspringen

4. zusammenzucken, auf-, zusammenfahren ( alle:

at bei):

the news made him jump die Nachricht ließ ihn zusammenfahren, er fuhr bei der Nachricht zusammen

5. fig abrupt übergehen, überspringen, -wechseln ( alle:

to zu):

jump from one topic to another

6. a) rütteln, stoßen (Wagen etc)

b) gerüttelt werden, schaukeln, wackeln

7. Damespiel: schlagen

8. sprunghaft (an)steigen, emporschnellen (Preise etc)

9. TECH springen (Filmstreifen, Schreibmaschine etc)

10. Bridge: unnötig hoch reizen

11. umg voller Leben sein:

the party was jumping auf der Party war schwer was los

12. (with) übereinstimmen (mit), passen (zu)

C v/t

1. (hinweg)springen über (akk)

2. fig eine Zeile etc überspringen, auslassen:

jump channels den Instanzenweg nicht einhalten;

jump the line (bes Br queue)

a) sich vordränge(l)n (a. fig),

b) AUTO aus einer Kolonne ausscheren und überholen; → gun¹ A 3, light¹ A 5

3. springen lassen:

he jumped his horse across the ditch er setzte mit seinem Pferd über den Graben;

jump sb into sth fig jemanden in eine Sache hineinstoßen

4. Damespiel: schlagen

5. AUTO ein Auto mit einem Starthilfekabel starten

6. US umg abhauen aus oder von: → bail¹ A 2

7. widerrechtlich von fremdem Besitztum etc Besitz ergreifen

8. herunterspringen von, (heraus)springen aus: → rail¹ A 4, track A 2

9. umg

a) auf einen fahrenden Zug etc aufspringen

b) von einem fahrenden Zug etc abspringen

10. auch jump out US umg anschnauzen

11. jemanden überfallen, über jemanden herfallen

12. die Preise etc emporschnellen lassen, hochtreiben

13. besonders Br vulg bumsen, vögeln (schlafen mit)

* * *
1. noun
1) Sprung, der

always be one jump ahead of somebody — jemandem immer um eine Nasenlänge voraus sein (ugs.)

2) (sudden transition) Sprung, der; sprunghafter Wechsel; (gap) Lücke, die

3) (abrupt rise) sprunghafter Anstieg

jump in value/temperature — plötzliche Wertsteigerung/plötzlicher Temperaturanstieg

4) (Parachuting) Absprung, der
2. intransitive verb
1) springen; [Fallschirmspringer:] abspringen

jump to one's feet/from one's seat — aufspringen/vom Sitz aufspringen

2)

jump to — (reach overhastily) voreilig gelangen zu [Annahme, Lösung]

jump to conclusions — voreilige Schlüsse ziehen

3) (make sudden movement) springen; (start) zusammenzucken

jump for joy — einen Freudensprung/Freudensprünge machen

4) (rise suddenly) [Kosten, Preise usw.:] sprunghaft steigen, in die Höhe schnellen

5)

jump to it — (coll.) zupacken

jump to it! — (coll.) mach/macht schon!
3. transitive verb
1) springen über (+ Akk.); überspringen [Mauer, Zaun usw.]

2) (move to point beyond) überspringen

3) (not stop at) überfahren [rote Ampel]

jump the lights — bei Rot [durch]fahren

4)

jump the rails or track — [Zug:] entgleisen

5)

jump ship — [Seemann:] [unter Bruch des Heuervertrages vorzeitig] den Dienst quittieren

6)

jump the queue — (Brit.) sich vordrängeln

7) (skip over) überspringen [Seite, Kapitel usw.]

8) (attack) herfallen über (+ Akk.)

Phrasal Verbs:

- jump about

- jump at

- jump in

- jump off

- jump on

- jump out

- jump up

* * *

n.

Absprung -¨e m.

Satz ¨-e m.

Sprung -¨e m.

English-german dictionary > jump
17 draw

draw [drɔ:]

(preterite drew, past participle drawn)

1. transitive verb

   a. ( = pull) [+ object] tirer

• to draw the curtains tirer les rideaux

• he drew his chair nearer the fire il a rapproché sa chaise du feu

• he drew her close to him il l'a attirée contre lui

• to draw smoke into one's lungs avaler la fumée (d'une cigarette)

   b. ( = pull behind) tracter

   c. ( = extract) [+ cork] enlever

• to draw one's gun dégainer son pistolet

• he drew a gun on me il a sorti un pistolet et l'a braqué sur moi

   d. [+ water] (from tap) tirer ( from de ) ; (from well) puiser ( from dans)

• the stone hit him and drew blood la pierre l'a frappé et l'a fait saigner

• to draw a card from the pack tirer une carte du jeu

• to draw a ticket out of a hat tirer un billet d'un chapeau

• to draw inspiration from tirer son inspiration de

• to draw strength from sth puiser des forces dans qch

• to draw comfort from sth trouver un réconfort dans qch

• to draw a smile from sb arracher un sourire à qn

• to draw a laugh from sb arriver à faire rire qn

• her performance drew tears from the audience son interprétation a arraché des larmes au public

   e. [+ pension, salary] toucher

   f. ( = attract) [+ attention, customer, crowd] attirer

• the play has drawn a lot of criticism la pièce a été très critiquée

• to feel drawn to sb se sentir attiré par qn

   g. [+ picture] dessiner ; [+ plan, line, circle] tracer

► to draw the line

• I draw the line at cheating (inf) (myself) je n'irai pas jusqu'à tricher ; (in others) je n'admets pas que l'on triche

• we must draw the line somewhere il faut se fixer des limites

• it's hard to know where to draw the line il est difficile de savoir jusqu'où on peut aller

   h. ( = bring) to draw sth to a close mettre fin à qch

   i. ( = make) [+ conclusion] tirer ; [+ comparison, parallel, distinction] établir

   j. ( = cause to speak) he would not be drawn on the matter il a refusé de parler de cette affaire

2. intransitive verb

   a. ( = move) to draw to one side s'écarter

• to draw round the table se rassembler autour de la table

• the train drew into the station le train est entré en gare

• the car drew over to the hard shoulder la voiture s'est rangée sur le bas-côté

• he drew ahead of the other runners il s'est détaché des autres coureurs

• the two horses drew level les deux chevaux sont arrivés à la même hauteur

• to draw near [person] s'approcher (to de ) ; [time, event] approcher

• to draw nearer (to) s'approcher un peu plus (de)

• to draw to a close toucher à sa fin

   b. ( = be equal) [two teams] faire match nul ; (in competitions) être ex æquo inv

• they drew for second place ils sont arrivés deuxièmes ex æquo

• Scotland drew with Ireland l'Écosse a fait match nul contre l'Irlande

   c. ( = do drawing) dessiner

• he draws well il dessine bien

• to draw from life dessiner d'après nature

3. noun

   a. ( = lottery) loterie f ; (to choose teams, winners) tirage m au sort

   b. (Sport) match m nul

• the match ended in a draw le match s'est terminé par un match nul

   c. ( = attraction) attraction f

• Johnny Depp was the big draw Johnny Depp était la grande attraction

   d. to be quick on the draw [gunman] dégainer vite

► draw apart intransitive verb s'éloigner l'un de l'autre

► draw aside

1. intransitive verb

[people] s'écarter

2. separable transitive verb

[+ person] prendre à part

► draw away intransitive verb

   a. [person] s'écarter ; [car] s'éloigner

• to draw away from the kerb s'éloigner du trottoir

   b. ( = move ahead) [runner, racehorse] se détacher

► draw back

1. intransitive verb

( = move backwards) reculer

2. separable transitive verb

[+ person] faire reculer ; [+ object, one's hand] retirer

► draw in

1. intransitive verb

   a. (in car) to draw in by the kerb ( = stop) s'arrêter le long du trottoir

   b. (British) ( = get shorter) the days are drawing in les jours raccourcissent

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ air] aspirer

   b. [+ crowds] attirer

   c. ( = pull in) rentrer

• to draw in one's claws rentrer ses griffes

► draw on

1. intransitive verb

[time] avancer

2. inseparable transitive verb

• to draw on one's savings prendre sur ses économies

• to draw on one's imagination faire appel à son imagination

► draw out

1. intransitive verb

( = become longer) the days are drawing out les jours rallongent

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = bring out) [+ handkerchief, purse] sortir ( from de ) ; [+ money] (from bank) retirer ( from à, de ) ; [+ secret] soutirer ( from à)

   b. ( = prolong) prolonger

► draw up

1. intransitive verb

(in car) s'arrêter

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ chair] approcher

• to draw o.s. up to one's full height se dresser de toute sa hauteur

   b. [+ inventory, list] dresser ; [+ contract, agreement] établir ; [+ plan] élaborer ; [+ report] rédiger

► draw upon inseparable transitive verb

• to draw upon one's savings prendre sur ses économies

• to draw upon one's imagination faire appel à son imagination

* * *
[drɔː] 1.
noun

1) Games tirage m (au sort)

2) Sport match m nul

it was a draw — ( in race) ils sont arrivés ex aequo

3) ( attraction) attraction f
2.
transitive verb (prét drew; pp drawn)

1) lit faire [picture, plan]; dessiner [person, object]; tracer [line]

2) fig dépeindre [character, picture]; faire [comparison]

3) ( pull) [animal, engine] tirer; [machine, suction] aspirer

he drew the child towards him — il a attiré l'enfant vers lui

he drew his finger along the shelf — il a passé un doigt sur l'étagère

to draw blood — provoquer un saignement

4) ( derive) tirer [conclusion] ( from de)

I drew comfort from the fact that — cela m'a un peu réconforté de savoir que

he drew hope from this — cela lui a donné de l'espoir

to be drawn from — [energy, information] provenir de

5) ( cause to talk) faire parler [person] (about, on de)

to draw something from ou out of somebody — obtenir quelque chose de quelqu'un [information]; arracher quelque chose à quelqu'un [truth, smile]

6) ( attract) attirer [crowd] (to vers); susciter [reaction]

his speech drew great applause — son discours a soulevé des applaudissements

to draw somebody into — mêler quelqu'un à [conversation]; entraîner quelqu'un dans [argument, battle]

they were drawn together by their love of animals — leur amour des animaux les a rapprochés

to draw the enemy fire — offrir un cible au feu ennemi

7) Finance retirer [money] ( from de); tirer [cheque] (on sur); toucher [wages, pension]

8) Games, Sport tirer [quelque chose] au sort [ticket]

to draw a match — faire match nul

9) ( remove) retirer [cork] ( from de); sortir [sword, knife, gun]; tirer [card]
3.
intransitive verb (prét drew; pp drawn)

1) ( make picture) dessiner

2) ( move)

to draw ahead (of something/somebody) — lit gagner du terrain (sur quelque chose/quelqu'un); fig prendre de l'avance (sur quelque chose/quelqu'un)

to draw alongside — [boat] accoster

the car drew alongside the lorry — la voiture s'est mise à côté du camion

to draw close ou near — [time] approcher

they drew nearer to listen — ils se sont rapprochés pour écouter

to draw into — [bus] arriver à [station]

the train drew into the station — le train est entré en gare

to draw level — se retrouver au même niveau

to draw over — [vehicle] ( stop) se ranger; ( still moving) se rabattre vers le bas-côté

to draw round ou around — se rassembler

to draw to a halt — s'arrêter

to draw to a close ou an end — [day, event] toucher à sa fin

3) ( in match) faire match nul

4) ( choose at random)

to draw for something — tirer quelque chose (au sort)

5) [tea] infuser

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- draw apart

- draw aside

- draw away

- draw back

- draw down

- draw in

- draw off

- draw on

- draw out

- draw up

••

to be quick/slow on the draw — (colloq) ( in understanding) avoir l'esprit vif/lent; ( in replying) avoir/ne pas avoir la repartie facile; [cowboy] dégainer/ne pas dégainer vite

to draw the line — fixer des limites

English-French dictionary > draw
18 close

Ⅰ.

close¹ [kləʊs]

proche ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b), 1 (f) serré ⇒ 1 (d), 1 (g) attentif ⇒ 1 (e) mal aéré ⇒ 1 (h) près ⇒ 1 (a), 2 (a) étroitement ⇒ 2 (b)

(compar closer, superl closest)

1 adjective

(a) (near in space or time) proche;

∎ the library is close to the school la bibliothèque est près ou proche de l'école;

∎ in close proximity to sth dans le voisinage immédiat de ou tout près de qch;

∎ they're very close in age ils ont presque le même âge;

∎ his death brought the war closer to home c'est avec sa mort que nous avons vraiment pris conscience de la guerre;

∎ we are close to an agreement nous sommes presque arrivés à un accord;

∎ at close intervals à intervalles rapprochés;

∎ I saw him at close quarters je l'ai vu de près;

∎ at close range à bout portant;

∎ to be close at or to hand (shop, cinema etc) être tout près; (book, pencil etc) être à portée de main;

∎ to be close to tears être au bord des larmes;

∎ to be (very) close to victory être (tout) près de la victoire;

∎ familiar I came close to thumping him one j'ai bien failli lui en coller une;

∎ he keeps things close to his chest il ne fait guère de confidences;

∎ to see sth at close quarters voir qch de près;

∎ to give sb a close shave raser qn de près;

∎ familiar that was a close shave or American call! on l'a échappé belle!, on a eu chaud!;

∎ the bill was passed but it was a close thing la loi a été votée de justesse;

∎ he managed to get elected but it was a close run thing il a été élu de justesse

(b) (in relationship) proche;

∎ they're very close (friends) ils sont très proches;

∎ he's a close friend of mine c'est un ami intime;

∎ a close relative un parent proche;

∎ I'm very close to my sister je suis très proche de ma sœur;

∎ he has close ties with Israel il a des rapports étroits avec Israël;

∎ there's a close connection between the two things il y a un rapport étroit entre les deux;

∎ the President consulted his closest advisers le président consulta ses conseillers les plus proches;

∎ sources close to the royal family des sources proches de la famille royale;

∎ a subject close to my heart un sujet qui me tient à cœur;

∎ to keep sth a close secret garder le secret absolu sur qch

(c) (continuous)

∎ they stay in close contact ils restent en contact en permanence

(d) (in competition, race etc) serré; (election) vivement serré;

∎ it was a close contest ce fut une lutte serrée;

∎ to play a close game jouer serré;

∎ close finish arrivée f serrée

(e) (thorough, careful) attentif, rigoureux;

∎ pay close attention to what she says faites très attention ou prêtez une grande attention à ce qu'elle dit;

∎ have a close look at these figures examinez ces chiffres de près;

∎ upon close examination après un examen détaillé ou minutieux;

∎ to keep (a) close watch or eye on sb/sth surveiller qn/qch de près;

∎ I keep close control of the expenses je contrôle étroitement les dépenses;

∎ in close confinement en détention surveillée

(f) (roughly similar) proche;

∎ his version of events was close to the truth sa version des faits était très proche de la réalité;

∎ he bears a close resemblance to his father il ressemble beaucoup à son père;

∎ it's the closest thing we've got to an operating theatre voilà à quoi se réduit notre salle d'opération

(g) (compact → handwriting, print) serré; (→ grain) dense, compact;

∎ Military in close formation en ordre serré

(h) British (stuffy → room) mal aéré, qui manque de ventilation ou d'air;

∎ it's very close in here on manque vraiment d'air ici;

∎ it's terribly close today il fait très lourd aujourd'hui

(i) (secretive) renfermé, peu communicatif;

∎ he's very close about his private life il est très discret sur sa vie privée

(j) familiar (miserly) pingre, radin

(k) Linguistics (vowel) fermé

2 adverb

(a) (near) près;

∎ don't come too close n'approche pas ou ne t'approche pas trop;

∎ I live close to the river j'habite près de la rivière;

∎ did you win? - no, we didn't even come close avez-vous gagné? - non, loin de là;

∎ she came close to losing her job elle a failli perdre son emploi;

∎ to come close to death frôler la mort;

∎ to come close to the world record frôler le record du monde;

∎ they walked close behind us ils nous suivaient de près;

∎ she lives close by elle habite tout près;

∎ I looked at it close to or up je l'ai regardé de près;

∎ close together serrés les uns contre les autres;

∎ sit closer together! serrez-vous!;

∎ it's brought us closer ça nous a rapprochés

(b) (tight) étroitement, de près;

∎ he held me close il m'a serré dans ses bras

3 noun

(a) (field) clos m

(b) British (street) impasse f

(c) British (of cathedral) enceinte f

(d) Scottish = passage conduisant de la rue à une cour ou à un immeuble en retrait

4 close on preposition

∎ it's close on nine o'clock il est presque neuf heures;

∎ she must be close on fifty elle doit friser la cinquantaine ou doit avoir près de cinquante ans

5 close to preposition

(almost, nearly) presque;

∎ the baby weighs close to 7 pounds ≃ le bébé pèse presque 3 kilos et demi

►► Military close combat corps à corps m;

Music close harmony tessiture f limitée

✾ Film 'Close Encounters of the Third Kind' Spielberg 'Rencontres du troisième type'

Ⅱ.

close² [kləʊz]

fermer ⇒ 1 (a)-(d), 1 (j), 2 (a) conclure ⇒ 1 (e), 1 (h) arrêter ⇒ 1 (f) liquider ⇒ 1 (g) se refermer ⇒ 2 (b) se terminer ⇒ 2 (d) clôturer ⇒ 2 (e) fin, conclusion ⇒ 3

1 transitive verb

(a) (shut → door, window, shop, book) fermer;

∎ he closed his eyes and went to sleep il ferma les yeux et s'endormit;

∎ figurative the committee had not closed the books on the inquiry le comité n'avait pas refermé le dossier de l'affaire;

∎ to close one's eyes to sth fermer les yeux sur qch;

∎ to close one's mind to sth refuser de penser à qch;

∎ she closed her mind to anything new elle s'est fermée à tout ce qui était neuf

(b) (opening, bottle) fermer, boucher;

∎ figurative we must close the gap between the rich and the poor nous devons combler le fossé entre riches et pauvres

(c) (block → border, road) fermer;

∎ they've closed the airport ils ont fermé l'aéroport;

∎ a road closed to motor traffic une route interdite à la circulation automobile

(d) (shut down → factory) fermer;

∎ they plan to close more rural stations ils ont l'intention de fermer d'autres petites gares de campagne

(e) (conclude → matter) conclure, terminer; (→ meeting, session) lever, clore; (→ debate) fermer;

∎ she closed the conference with a rallying call to the party faithful elle termina la conférence en lançant un appel de solidarité aux fidèles du parti;

∎ a neat way of closing the discussion un habile moyen de clore la discussion;

∎ the subject is now closed l'affaire est close

(f) Commerce & Finance (account) arrêter, clore;

∎ to close the books balancer les comptes, régler les livres;

∎ to close the yearly accounts arrêter les comptes de l'exercice

(g) Stock Exchange (operation) liquider; (position) couvrir

(h) (settle → deal) conclure;

∎ we closed a deal with them last week nous avons conclu un accord avec eux la semaine dernière

(i) (move closer together) serrer, rapprocher;

∎ Military close ranks! serrez les rangs!;

∎ figurative the party closed ranks behind their leader le parti a serré les rangs derrière le leader

(j) Electricity (circuit) fermer

2 intransitive verb

(a) (shut → gate, window) fermer, se fermer; (→ shop) fermer; (→ cinema, theatre) faire relâche;

∎ this window doesn't close properly cette fenêtre ne ferme pas bien ou ferme mal;

∎ the door closed quietly behind them la porte s'est refermée sans bruit derrière eux;

∎ the bakery closes on Fridays la boulangerie ferme le vendredi

(b) (wound, opening) se refermer;

∎ the gap was closing fast l'écart diminuait rapidement

(c) (cover, surround)

∎ the waves closed over him les vagues se refermèrent sur lui;

∎ the onlookers closed around us un cercle de curieux se forma autour de nous;

∎ my fingers closed around the gun mes doigts se resserrèrent sur le revolver

(d) (meeting) se terminer, prendre fin; (speaker) terminer, finir;

∎ I closed with a reference to Rimbaud j'ai terminé par une référence à Rimbaud

(e) Stock Exchange clôturer;

∎ the shares closed at 420p les actions ont clôturé ou terminé à 420 pence;

∎ the share index closed two points down l'indice (boursier) a clôturé en baisse de deux points

3 noun

fin f, conclusion f; (of day) tombée f; Stock Exchange (on financial futures market) clôture f; (closing price) cours m de clôture;

∎ at close of business à la ou en clôture;

∎ the concert came to a close le concert s'acheva;

∎ the year drew to a close l'année s'acheva;

∎ it's time to draw the meeting to a close il est temps de mettre fin à cette réunion;

∎ towards the close of the century vers la fin du siècle;

∎ at close of play (in cricket) à la fin du match

►► Computing close box case f de fermeture;

British close season Hunting fermeture f de la chasse; Fishing fermeture f de la pêche; Football intersaison f

➲ close down

1 intransitive verb

(a) (business, factory) fermer;

∎ the shop had to close down le magasin a dû fermer

(b) British Television & Radio terminer les émissions

2 separable transitive verb

(business, factory) fermer;

∎ they had to close down their shop ils ont dû fermer leur magasin

➲ close in intransitive verb

(a) (approach) approcher, se rapprocher; (encircle) cerner de près;

∎ to close in on or upon se rapprocher de;

∎ the hunters closed in on their prey les chasseurs se rapprochèrent de leur proie;

∎ the police/his creditors are closing in l'étau de la police/de ses créanciers se resserre

(b) (evening, night) approcher, descendre; (day) raccourcir; (darkness, fog) descendre;

∎ darkness closed in on us la nuit nous enveloppa

➲ close off separable transitive verb

isoler, fermer;

∎ the area was closed off to the public le quartier était fermé au public;

∎ some of the rooms in the house have been closed off certaines pièces de la maison ont été fermées;

∎ Accountancy to close off an account arrêter un compte

➲ close on inseparable transitive verb

se rapprocher de;

∎ we were closing on them fast nous nous rapprochions d'eux rapidement

➲ close out separable transitive verb

(a) American (factory, shop, business) liquider (avant fermeture)

(b) (complete successfully → game, competition) remporter;

∎ to close it out l'emporter

(c) Stock Exchange

∎ to close a position boucler ou clore ou fermer une position

➲ close up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (seal) fermer; (opening, pipe) obturer, boucher; (wound) refermer, recoudre

(b) Typography (characters) rapprocher; Military etc (ranks) serrer

(c) (shop, house) fermer

2 intransitive verb

(a) (wound) se refermer

(b) (shopkeeper) fermer

➲ close with inseparable transitive verb

(a) (finalize deal with) conclure un marché avec

(b) literary (fight with) engager la lutte ou le combat avec

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > close
19 election

n

1) выборы

2) избрание

•

to abandon the election — отказываться от выборов

to accept an election — соглашаться с избранием; принимать избрание

to annul an election — аннулировать результаты выборов

to ban smb from covering the election — запрещать кому-л. освещать ход выборов

to ban smb from participating in the election — запрещать кому-л. участвовать в выборах

to bar smb from election — не допускать кого-л. к участию в выборах

to be eligible for election — иметь право быть избранным

to be the main battleground in the election — быть в центре борьбы на выборах

to be on course to win the next general election — идти к победе на следующих всеобщих выборах

to be poised to win an election — быть готовым победить на выборах

to be well placed to win the next general election — занимать хорошие позиции для того, чтобы победить на следующих всеобщих выборах

to bode ill for next year's election — служить плохим предзнаменованием для выборов, которые состоятся на будущий год

to boycott an election — бойкотировать выборы

to bring the election forward — приближать дату проведения выборов; проводить выборы досрочно

to bypass election — обходиться без выборов

to call an election — назначать / объявлять выборы

to call for a boycott of the election — выступать с призывом бойкотировать выборы

to call for free election — призывать к проведению свободных выборов

to call new election for — назначать новые выборы на

to call off / to cancel election — отменять выборы

to carry on beyond the next election — удержаться у власти на следующих выборах

to carry out one's election pledges — выполнять предвыборные обещания

to challenge the results of election — оспаривать результаты выборов

to clamor for an election — шумно требовать выборов

to condemn election as a farce — объявлять выборы фарсом

to conduct election along racial lines — проводить выборы по расовому признаку

to confirm an election — подтверждать избрание

to congratulate smb on his / her election — поздравлять кого-л. с избранием

to contest an election — бороться на выборах

to create conditions for free election — создавать условия для проведения свободных выборов

to declare the election null and void — объявлять выборы недействительными

to defend the strongly contested results of the election — защищать активно оспариваемые результаты выборов

to defer election — откладывать выборы

to delay the election — откладывать выборы

to disqualify smb from taking part in the general election — лишать кого-л. права участвовать во всеобщих выборах

to disrupt election — срывать выборы

to do well in an election — добиваться успеха на выборах

to emerge as victor in an election — выходить победителем на выборах

to fare badly in the election — добиваться незначительных результатов на выборах

to fight an election — бороться на выборах

to fight the election in unity — выступать на выборах единым фронтом

to force election — заставлять провести выборы

to fulfil one's election pledges — выполнять предвыборные обещания

to gain ground in an election — собирать большое количество голосов на выборах

to give a guarded welcome to smb's election — сдержанно приветствовать чье-л. избрание

to go ahead with the election — принимать решение о проведении выборов (несмотря на что-л.)

to go (in)to an election — идти на выборы ( о партии)

to hold an election — проводить выборы

to hold election under one's own terms — проводить выборы на своих условиях

to impede election — мешать проведению выборов

to invalidate an election — объявлять выборы недействительными

to lead the government into the next general election — руководить правительством до следующих всеобщих выборов

to lead the party into the next general election — возглавлять партию на следующих всеобщих выборах

to lose an election — терпеть поражение на выборах

to lose an election by a margin of the five seats — проигрывать выборы, получив на пять мест меньше соперника

to manipulate the election — подтасовывать результаты выборов

to mark the election by a two-day strike — отмечать выборы проведением двухдневной забастовки

to monitor election — наблюдать за проведением выборов

to nominate smb for election — выдвигать чью-л. кандидатуру

to null the election — признавать выборы недействительными

to observe election — быть наблюдателем на выборах

to oppose election — выступать против проведения выборов

to order election — распоряжаться о проведении выборов

to organize election — организовывать выборы

to oversee election — следить за проведением выборов

to postpone the election — откладывать выборы

to procure an election — проводить выборы

to promise fresh election — обещать новые выборы

to put oneself forward / up for election — выставлять свою кандидатуру на выборах

to release the results of the election — обнародовать результаты выборов

to re-run an election — проводить повторные выборы

to retain power in the general election — сохранять власть в результате всеобщих выборов

to rig an election — фальсифицировать результаты выборов

to run an election — проводить выборы

to run for election — баллотироваться на выборах

to schedule election for January — намечать / планировать выборы на январь

to score remarkable gains in the election — добиваться замечательных успехов на выборах

to seek a second term in the presidential election — добиваться переизбрания на второй срок на президентских выборах

to stage election — организовывать выборы

to stand against a party in election — выступать против какой-л. партии на выборах

to stand down in the next election — отказываться баллотироваться на следующих выборах

to stand for election — баллотироваться на выборах, выставлять свою кандидатуру

to supervise election — наблюдать за проведением выборов

to suspend the election — приостанавливать выборы

to take a clear lead in the election — намного опережать своих соперников по выборам

to take part in an election — участвовать в выборах

to trail far behind in the election — намного отставать от кого-л. на выборах

to validate the election — узаконивать результаты выборов

to vote in general election — участвовать в голосовании на всеобщих выборах

to win an election — побеждать на выборах

to win an election by a landslide margin — побеждать на выборах подавляющим большинством голосов

to win election by fraud — побеждать на выборах обманным путем

- whites only election
- aftermath of an election
- alleged irregularities during the election
- all-out election
- all-race election
- annulment of the election
- apartheid election
- assessment of the election outcome
- bitterly contested election
- bread-and-butter election
- call for free election
- cancellation of the election
- cantonal election
- close election
- comfortable election
- coming election
- competitive election
- conclusion of the election
- Congressional election
- consequences of the election
- contested election
- contribution to the election
- controversial election
- council election
- counting continued in local government election
- crucial election
- defeat at an election
- deferment of election
- democratic election
- direct election for the presidency
- disputed election
- disruption of election
- early election
- election by proportional representation
- election comes amid increasing tension
- election goes into a second round
- election has continued into its second unscheduled day
- election has entered its final stages
- election held several months ahead of schedule
- election is far from straightforward
- election on a factory and enterprise basis
- election on a population basis
- election saw violence
- election seems to be in the bag for smb
- election was a farce
- election was a neck and neck race
- election was conducted peacefully
- election was successful
- election will be about deciding...
- election will go ahead as scheduled
- election will result in a victory for...
- elections are a day away
- elections are being held throughout the country
- elections are due
- elections to an assembly
- Euro-election
- fair election
- federal election
- fiercely fought election
- forthcoming election
- free election
- full election
- general election
- genuine election
- gubernatorial election
- hell-bent for election
- his election is already assured
- honest election
- if the next election goes against them
- illegitimate election
- impending election
- inconclusive election
- issue in the election
- leadership election
- legislative election
- local council election
- local election
- local government election
- low turnout for the election
- mayoral election
- midterm election
- mock election
- multiracial election
- national election
- national legislative election
- new-style election
- nonracial election
- nullification of the election
- off-year election
- open election
- orderly conduct of an election
- outcome of the election
- outright winner in an election
- parliamentary election
- party eligible to stand in the election
- party's poor showing in the election
- popular election
- presidential election
- pre-term election
- prompt election
- provincial election
- racially segregated election
- rehearsal for a general election
- re-run of election
- rigged election
- rigged-up election
- rigging of election
- right to vote in the election
- run-off election
- run-up to the election
- semi-free election
- sham election
- smb is well on course to win the general election
- special election
- staged election
- statute of election
- stealing of election
- strong showing in an election
- tainted election
- that could lose them the election
- the first round of election has ended inconclusively
- the scene is set for presidential election
- there is no clear outcome of the election
- this side of the general election
- tough election
- two-stage election
- unofficial results in the election
- upcoming election
- valid election
- war-torn election
- watershed election
- winning the election was the easy bit
- with the election looking in the country
- writ for a general election

Politics english-russian dictionary > election
20 against

əˈɡenst предл.
1) значение нахождения на определенном месте, в определенной позиции а) прямо напротив, лицом к, перед чем-л. тж. over against In a direct line against them stood the three witches. ≈ Перед ними в ряд стояли три колдуньи. Go into the village over against you. ≈ Пойдите в селение, которое прямо перед вами (Мф. 21-
2) And so handed me to the coach and sat backwards over against me. ≈ И он подсадил меня в коляску, а сам сел напротив лицом ко мне. Syn: over against б) перен. к, в отношении к Hope is against the holy ghost. ≈ Надежда пребывает в духе святом. The legal rights of subjects as against each other and the constitutional rights of subjects against the government. ≈ Юридические права подданных по отношению друг к другу и конституционные права подданных по отношению к правительству. в) (более общее значение) к передней части чего-л., рядом, по соседству, тж. перен. I met him against the pond. ≈ Я встретил его у пруда. Three of their ships lay against the walls. ≈ Под стенами пришвартовались три их корабля.
2) значение движения по направлению к чему-л.. а) (по направлению к чему-л. вплоть до соприкосновения) о, в Till I break my ship against rocks. ≈ Пока мой корабль не разбивается о скалы. The sharp sleet is pattering against the window-panes. ≈ Злая пурга стучится в ставни. I was jostled against him in the crowd. ≈ Меня притерло к нему в толпе. run against б) (опираясь на, в контакте с) о, к Lean your back against my arm. ≈ Обопрись своей спиной о мою руку. Then shall he be set against a brickwall. ≈ А затем его прислонят к кирпичной стене. He pressed his hands against his forehead. ≈ Он прижал ладони ко лбу. в) на фоне (прямое значение) The picture stands out better against the dark wall. ≈ На фоне темной стены эта картина смотрится лучше.
3) значение движения или действия против кого-л. или чего-л. а) (в противоположном направлении, в противодействие некоей силе) на He ran furiously up against a hill. ≈ Как бешеный он взбежал на холм. against the hair against the grain б) (в противоположность тенденции или характеру;
в несоответствии с чем-л.) против, несмотря на( или по смыслу) She actually went with them, though much against her heart. ≈ Она все же пошла с ними, хотя и против собственного желания. May, against common conjectures, will be no very busy month. ≈ В мае, несмотря на то, что говорят многие, завала на работе не будет. It is against my general notions to trust to writing. ≈ Не в моих принципах доверять написанному. в) (о словах или действиях, направленных против кого-л.) с, против Fight against them that fight against me. ≈ Сражайтесь с теми, кто сражается против меня. The whole gentry were against him. ≈ Против него выступали все уважаемые люди. The Law against Witches does not prove there be any. ≈ Наличие закона против ведьм не означает, что они есть. г) (о соревновании) с I always felt as if I was riding a race against time. ≈ Я всегда чувствовал, что бегу наперегонки со временем.
4) а) (значение защиты) от (или по смыслу) I am proof against their enmity. ≈ Я защита от их вражды. The gate would have been shut against her. ≈ Ворота захлопнулись бы перед ней, ее бы не пустили на порог. б) значение предупреждения, обычно переводится по смыслу On his guard against the sins which beset literary men. ≈ И он всегда следил за тем, чтобы не погрязнуть в грехах, присущих писателям. Passengers are cautioned against crossing the line. ≈ Предупреждение пассажирам - переходить линию опасно. The Public are cautioned against pickpockets. ≈ Осторожно! Карманные воры.
5) (о взаимной противоположности) в обмен на, в счет за, вместо That against his great love we be not found unkind. ≈ Чтобы, имея перед глазами его всеохватную любовь, нас не назвали черствыми. When men used to exchange wheat against bullocks. ≈ Когда люди меняли зерно на волов. weigh smth. against smth.
6) (в споре и играх типа тотализатора, о ставках) к I long ago came to the conclusion that all life is six to five against. ≈ Я давно понял, что в этой жизни все ставки - шесть к пяти. As opposition to Mrs Thatcher mounts, I hear that the Commons' unofficial bookie offers odds of 7 4 against her still being prime minister by the end of next year. ≈ По мере того, как оппозиция г-жи Тэтчер растет, неофициальные букмекеры Палаты Общин, как я слышал, предлагают ставки 7 к 4 против того, что она сохранит свой пост до конца следующего года.
7) в ожидании, в подготовке;
к определенному времени To close the business against Thursday. ≈ Закрыть фирму к четвергу. Some additions to my book against the next edition. ≈ Некоторые добавления к моей книге в свете ее будущего переиздания. When the Queen of Sheba came to visit Solomon, he had built, against her arrival, a palace. ≈ Когда царица Савская отправилась с визитом к Соломону, он построил к ее прибытию дворец. against a rainy day
указывает на: противодействие чему-л или несогласие с чем-л: против - to fight * smb., smth. бороться против кого-л, чего-л;
- to warn * smth. предостерегать против чего-л;
- to vote * smb., smth. голосовать против кого-л, чего-л;
- twenty votes * ten двадцать голосов против десяти;
- are you for or * the plan? вы поддерживаете этот план или нет?;
- I have nothing to say * it мне нечего возразить против этого вопреки - I have trusted you * everything я верила вам несмотря ни на что;
- * reason вопреки разуму;
- to hope * hope надеяться вопреки всему;
не терять надежды в безнадежном положении движение в противоположную сторону: против - to sail * the wind плыть против ветра;
- * the clock против часовой стрелки;
- * the sun в сторону, противоположную движению солнца, с запада на восток;
- * the hair (техническое) против волокна;
против шерсти;
не по вкусу, не по душе нахождение на противоположной стороне: против - over * напротив, на противоположной стороне;
- over * the school прямо против школы местоположение около чего-л, рядом с чем-л.: у - a piano stood * the wall у стены стояло пианони;
- the house was built * a hill дом был построен у самого холма соприкоснование или столкновение с чем-л.: по, о, к - the rain was beating * the window дождь барабанил по стеклу;
- to throw a ball * the wall ударять мячом о стенку;
- to bump * smth. удариться обо что-л;
- he struck his foot * а stone он ушиб ногу о камень опору: к, на - he leaned * a post он прислонился к столбу;
- she was sitting up in bed propped * pillows она сидела в кровати, обложенная подушками;
- she drew the child close * her она крепко прижала к себе ребенка фон, на котором выделяется какой-л предмет: на (фоне) ;
по сравнению - the yellow stands out * the black желтое резко выделяется на черном;
- the trees were dark * the sky на фоне неба деревья казались темными предохранение от чего-л.: от - to protect * diseases предохранять от заболеваний;
- she shielded her face * the sun она заслонила лицо от солнца;
- he wrapped in a blanked * the cold of the night он завернулся в одеяло, чтобы ночью не замерзнуть подготовку к чему-л.: про, на - to save money * the rainy day откладывать деньги про черный день;
- they bought preserves * the winter они купили консервы на зиму состязание, конкуренцию, соперничество с чем-л или с кем-л - to run * one's own record time пытаться улучшить собственное время( о бегуне) противопоставление или сравнение: против - three accidents this year as * thirty in 1964 три несчастных случая в этом году против тридцати в 1964 получение в обмен на что-л или с записью на чей-л счет: на, по, против - to charge * smb.'s account( коммерческое) записывать на чей-л счет;
- payment * documents( коммерческое) оплата против документов;
- a drug sold * a written prescription лекарство, продаваемое только по рецепту предмет обмена: на - he exchanged books * sweets он обменял книги на конфеты завершение действия к определенному сроку: к - * the end of the week к концу недели( специальное) в зависимости от, в функции (от) - to plot y * x построить график функции у по аргументу х

against вопреки ~ prep указывает на подготовку (к чему-л.) на, про;
against a rainy day про черный день;
to store up food against winter запастись едой на зиму ~ prep указывает на непосредственное соседство рядом, у;
the house against the cinema дом рядом с кинотеатром ~ prep указывает на опору, фон, препятствие о, об, по, на, к;
against a dark background на темном фоне;
she leaned against the fence она прислонилась к забору ~ prep указывает на определенный срок к, на;
against the end of the month к концу месяца ~ под (расписку) ~ prep указывает на противодействие, несогласие (с чем-л.) против;
she did it against my will она сделала это против моей воли;
to struggle against difficulties бороться с трудностями ~ против ~ prep указывает на противоположное направление или положение против;
he went against the wind он шел против ветра;
against the hair (или the grain) против волокна или шерсти;
перен. против шерсти ~ prep указывает на столкновение или соприкосновение на, с;
to run against a rock наскочить на скалу;
he ran against his brother он столкнулся со своим братом gainst: gainst, 'gainst поэт. см. against

~ prep указывает на опору, фон, препятствие о, об, по, на, к;
against a dark background на темном фоне;
she leaned against the fence она прислонилась к забору

~ prep указывает на подготовку (к чему-л.) на, про;
against a rainy day про черный день;
to store up food against winter запастись едой на зиму

~ cash payment в счет уплаты наличными

~ prep указывает на определенный срок к, на;
against the end of the month к концу месяца

~ prep указывает на противоположное направление или положение против;
he went against the wind он шел против ветра;
against the hair (или the grain) против волокна или шерсти;
перен. против шерсти

appeal ~ обжаловать appeal ~ опротестовывать

be ~ возражать

they took insurance policy ~ their children's education они застраховались, чтобы обеспечить своим детям образование;
to be up against (it) стоять перед задачей;
встретить трудности

buy ~ the seller покупать за счет продавца

~ prep указывает на столкновение или соприкосновение на, с;
to run against a rock наскочить на скалу;
he ran against his brother он столкнулся со своим братом

~ prep указывает на противоположное направление или положение против;
he went against the wind он шел против ветра;
against the hair (или the grain) против волокна или шерсти;
перен. против шерсти

~ prep указывает на непосредственное соседство рядом, у;
the house against the cinema дом рядом с кинотеатром

a ladder standing ~ the wall лестница, прислоненная к стене;
to knock against a stone споткнуться о камень

a ladder standing ~ the wall лестница, прислоненная к стене;
to knock against a stone споткнуться о камень

lay information ~ доносить на

legislate ~ запрещать в законодательном порядке

proceed ~ возбуждать процесс против

protest ~ возражать против protest ~ протестовать против

recover judgment ~ добиваться вынесения судебного решения против

~ prep указывает на столкновение или соприкосновение на, с;
to run against a rock наскочить на скалу;
he ran against his brother он столкнулся со своим братом

security ~ под гарантию security ~ под обеспечение

~ prep указывает на противодействие, несогласие (с чем-л.) против;
she did it against my will она сделала это против моей воли;
to struggle against difficulties бороться с трудностями

~ prep указывает на опору, фон, препятствие о, об, по, на, к;
against a dark background на темном фоне;
she leaned against the fence она прислонилась к забору

~ prep указывает на подготовку (к чему-л.) на, про;
against a rainy day про черный день;
to store up food against winter запастись едой на зиму

~ prep указывает на противодействие, несогласие (с чем-л.) против;
she did it against my will она сделала это против моей воли;
to struggle against difficulties бороться с трудностями struggle: ~ бороться;
to struggle for peace бороться за мир;
to struggle against difficulties бороться с трудностями

to work ~ time стараться кончить работу к определенному времени;
to tell a story( against smb.) наговорить( на кого-л.)

they took insurance policy ~ their children's education они застраховались, чтобы обеспечить своим детям образование;
to be up against (it) стоять перед задачей;
встретить трудности

vote ~ голосовать против

to work ~ time стараться кончить работу к определенному времени;
to tell a story (against smb.) наговорить (на кого-л.) time: to serve one's ~ отбыть срок наказания;
she is near her time она скоро родит, она на сносях;
to work against time стараться уложиться в срок work: to ~ against time стараться кончить к определенному сроку;
to work it sl. достигнуть цели

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > against

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Race choisie — Racisme Le racisme est une idéologie consistant à hiérarchiser des groupes naturels humains, désignés souvent sous le terme de races, à partir d attributs naturels, visible ou non (physiques, psychiques, culturels, etc) des caractéristiques… … Wikipédia en Français

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

conclusion of race

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

conclusion of race

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